The Importance of Celtic Culture in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Ess

The Importance of Celtic Culture in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight  â â In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, one can find an assortment of reasons why the Green Knight is in fact green.â Some can be found in open content while others one needs to look for.â There is perhaps another perspective engaged with the holly leaf he conveys in his first appearance.â The more profound part of the Green Knight is the manner by which he integrates with the convictions and culture of the Celts.  The most clear motivation behind why the green knight is green are expressed all through his introduction.â Individual, and his hands were green, and his face.â And his protection, and his shirt, were green, all green...everything about him was rich green (line 150-55,66). Each garment that the Green Knight is in is green.â His skin shading was green and he was exquisitely wearing every last bit of it. This immense man was something contrary to Arthur's Knights.â They were littler and clean-. The Green Knight had a masculine whiskers to represent Celtic culture.â He rides in on his extraordinary green horse!â He appeared to be a large portion of a monster, a mammoth, yet obviously the greatest animal on the planet (line 141-42). The most alarming thing any of the Knights of Camelot would ever see.â The joined part of being green and a goliath to the knights is the thing that makes him so terrifying.  The extraordinary knight is green as well as his pony too!â It was cut with beautiful green symbols...what it implied that a knight and his pony could have such a shading, could develop as green as grass, or greener! (lines 216 233-235).â â Today in numerous societies unique individuals are continually striking trepidation into individuals. He is wearing all green with his Celtic images encompassing him.â If any man spoke to their religion to the fullest I... ...re not qualified to battle him.â They don't have any facial hair and in his religion would be viewed as weak and unrespectable.â He shows his quality the whole scene he is conversing with Arthur and his knights.  The Green Knight is the ideal portrayal of the Celtic cultureâ He is shielded by his Celtic enchantment from the holly branch and the intensity of the god Cernunnos.â This empowers him to be solid in his own convictions and to challenge the Christian Knights.â The creator made the Green Knight dependent on factors that all lead up to the ideal portrayal of the Celtic individuals.  Works Cited  Inclusion of Youth Crime Promotes Fear, Study Says.â (Online) Available  â â â â â â â â â â http://www.childrennow.org/newsroom/news-01/cam-ra-4-10-01.htm. 1 Dec. 2001. Wood, Juliette.â The Celtsâ New York: Duncan Baird Publishers, 1998. Â

Top 10 Places to Publish Your Personal Essays

Top 10 Places to Publish Your Personal Essays The significant piece of what the paper, magazines and web based distributing stages present for perusers by an enormous record are scholarly pieces with information, realities and insights. An engaging way and snappy way of composing for these articles make them truly engaging, educational and viewpoint creating. In any case, expositions that in fact profoundly contact the peruser are the individual papers. Reality of life astounds with its straightforwardness and disaster, gift and battle, love and stiff necked attitude in each word. Life all things considered. As it's been said, composing true to life isn't introducing only your story †it’s expounding on the conditions we as a whole may understanding. On the off chance that there is a story worth of sharing to the remainder of the world, here is a rundown of the best sites and magazines to distribute it. These are top 10 sources that won't just present the story to the world yet furnish scholars with assistance and guidance for a superior outcome. Boston Globe This magazine’s Connection Section is searching for 650-words paper on any close to home connections. The installment isn't unmistakably set, however. Submitting is extremely simple through [emailprotected] . Extra Crispy Extra Crispy is likely searching for the most bizarre themes: morning, breakfast or early lunch stories to be secured. The magazine will distribute your work for 40 penny for every word. Accommodation is also by means of email [emailprotected] . Lady Magazine As deferentially sounds the name of the magazine, as fascinating is the setting of the individual exposition submitted from the woman the ladies more than 30. Here’s the connection for accommodation: [emailprotected] The installment isn't fixed. Kveller Child rearing is in every case brimming with extraordinary stories and encounters to share. In the event that you want to compose for a Jewish child rearing site, this one is directly for you. The best word sum is 500-700. For each post you get 25$. The editors ask to quickly cover your account, contact information and incorporate the exposition, of cause. The New York Times What can be all the more moving at that point love? The Modern Love segment acknowledges article up to 1,700 words in length by means of [emailprotected] To get some additional information experience Time’s page for pitching tips and Modern Life page on Facebook. Fruitful exposition gets 300$ for a post. Cut s a particular social point for each issue, including both fiction and true to life. Here is the place you can make an object: you can present an exposition 5,000 words and procure truly great cash †up to 250$. As the topics change from an issue to issue, follow the rules for accommodation so the manager has the opportunity to audit and favor your work. Accommodation is on the web. The Bold Italic Any one from radiant California? This magazine centers around California’s Bay Are issues. Do you have a unique style of composing and a firm close to home perspective? On the off chance that indeed, you are the one they are searching for to distribute. The Rumpus The Rumpus focuses on crafted by â€Å"intersect culture†. Locate the best coordinating class on the web and present the paper. Be that as it may, you will find the solution no quick than in multi month. Tin House It acknowledges expositions limit of 10,000 words in length in September or March. Beware of your accommodation status first before messaging. You are approached to incorporate a word include and the class in the introductory letter. The compensation is variable. Clamor It is a way of life site that will acknowledge individual papers from ladies of 800-2000 words in length. The normal installment is 5 pennies for every word. Summarizing, it is smarter to look into the magazines first and read a portion of the article to comprehend to what crowd it is coordinated to. Take your risk!

Top 10 Communication Tips 2011 #7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Top 10 Communication Tips 2011 â€" #7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This is the seventh entry in our “Top 10? list for you to consider when communicating with our office and applying. Number 7 Check out our student, alumni, faculty, staff interview page. One of the most common requests we get is from prospective students is the opportunity to speak with alumni, students, or faculty. The top priority of our faculty is to work with current students and they often are unable to respond to the high volume of email requests. We generally reserve contact with our alumni to current students for the same reason â€" sheer volume. We do have student volunteers but their top priority is to focus on their studies and professional development. We do our best to put applicants in touch with current students but often this takes a bit of time and coordination. However, you can hear from students, alumni, staff, and faculty by visiting our interview page. We have text and video interviews and biographies available and we continually try to add new content. This is a great way to hear directly from those with experience in our programs without having to wait.

John Lockes Philosophy Essay - 724 Words

John Locke was born in 1632. He earned his bachelor’s Degree in 1656 and a masters degree in 1658. In 1690 Locke’s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding appeared. From this came Tabula rasa. This then laid the foundation for environmentalism. Locke was an English philosopher who was regarded as one of the â€Å"most influential of enlightenment thinkers† and â€Å"important to social contract social† (Wikipedia). Locke died in 1704 never being married or having children. His theories are a part of what we practice today. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding is a set of four books and within this is â€Å"extremely long and detailed theory of knowledge starting from the very basics and building up.† (SparkNotes Editors, n.d.) In these four books†¦show more content†¦One of my favorite quotes by Locke goes â€Å"No mans knowledge here can go beyond his experience.† I agree with this quote. Because of Locke’s theory of the minds knowledge the term environmentalism came about. Environmentalism is the belief that the environment will determine what a child becomes. This is something I agree with. As we look at all the different environments we have grown up in and the environments our children are growing up in they are very different. For some these environments are drastically different. There are many diverse families with single parent home, same sex parents, grandparents raising children, and so many other things that can influence the environment a child is growing up in. because of these things some children are not ready for kindergarten when they should be and are lacking the skills needed to move on. These have become what is known as â€Å"disadvantaged† children/schools. As an example I grew up in a pretty nice neighborhood with middle class families my environment was on my side and I thrived in school. Now on the other side of the tracks is an area that is of poverty and are struggling to get by those are the areas where there are high er numbers of high school drop outs and crime rates because they did not have the environment to show them how to act and behave in society. Their environment gave them a lack of knowledge they did not have at birth. Then there are those who have facedShow MoreRelatedJohn Lockes Political Philosophy 752 Words   |  3 Pages John Locke is one of the most influential political philosophers of the modern era. He is a strong-minded empiricist whom expresses radical views about law and order. Locke is a fascinating figure in the history of law and order whose excellence of elucidation and depth of intellectual activity remains extremely influential. His mature political philosophy leant support to the British Whig party and its principles, to the Age of Enlightenment, and to the development of the separation of the StateRead MoreAge Of Enlightenment755 Words   |  4 Pagesintellectual thinkers, such as John Locke, which helped shape and influence modern government and politics. John Locke is recognized as the father of classical liberalism, introducing the Two Treatises of Government, Social Contract, and private property, which formed the basis for the constitutions in westernized democratic powers such as the United States of America and the United Kingdom. The Two Treatises of Government became the most influential pieces of work that John Locke had created during theRead More John Locke Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Locke John Locke is considered to be England’s most prominent philosopher. He was born August 29, 1632 in a small town of Somerset, which is south of Bristol, England. Locke was the oldest of three children. His mother died when he was 22 years old and Locke spoke of her very well. Locke’s father was a Puritan attorney and clerk to a justice of the peace in the town where Locke was born. He was very strict with his son when he was younger. which Locke later believed that parents shouldRead MoreThe Three Political Philosophy Quotes1177 Words   |  5 Pagestypes were most influenced by these 3 philosophers. They each have their outstanding quotes to support and present their ideas. The three political philosophy quotes by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Karl Marx each is the best example for â€Å"absolutism†, â€Å"enlightenment and natural rights† and â€Å"communism†. In addition, the 3 different types of philosophy each applies to distinct type of governments. Thomas Hobbes believes in one common power which relates to monarchy. In Hobbes’s quote, Hobbes uses theRead MoreJohn Locke : Philosophies And Contributions Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagestaken their own philosophies of education and changed the way we look at learning. Whether it is educating the children of today or bringing religion into the stream, our curriculum is always changing with their ideas in mind. John Locke and Erasmus provide extremely different philosophies when it comes to the curriculum of education although they have both impacted the way we teach today dramatically. Although there were a lot of child educators who were strong in what they did, John Locke is mostRead MoreBusiness Ethics: John Locke Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Ethics: John Locke Business Ethics Business ethics is defined as â€Å"a specialized study of moral right and wrong that focusses on moral standards as they apply to business institutions, organizations, and behavior† (Velasquez, 2014, p.15). Business ethics is the study of moral standards that focusses primarily on how these standards may apply to social systems and/or organizations. For this paper I will be focusing on one of the great minds of business ethics, John Locke, his ideas andRead MoreHow John Locke Inspired Maria Montessori1459 Words   |  6 PagesJOHN LOCKE Every man has a property in his own person. This nobody has a right to, but himself. – John Locke Childhood John Locke was born on August 29, 1632, in Wrington, a village in the English country of Somerset. He was baptized the same day. Soon after his birth, the family moved to the market town of Pensford, about seven miles south of Bristol, where Locke grew up in an old fashioned stone farmhouse . His father was a county lawyer to the Justices of the Peace and his motherRead MoreJohn Locke’s Theory of Personal Identity Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Locke (1632-1704) said ‘To find wherein personal identity consists, we must consider what person stands for †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Locke, in set book, p. 275). Therefore, to recapitulate Locke’s philosophy on personal identity it is necessary to clarify how he inimitably used the term ‘person’ and consequently other words, such as ‘substance’ and ‘man’, which he utilized to form his philosophical ideas. Furthermore, his work on personal identity inspired debate amongst many subsequent philosophers and motivatedRead MoreAnalysis Of John Locke s The Of The Golden Era Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesof a phenomenal thinker and leader, and so he is regarded as the Emperor of the â€Å"Golden Era†. Leonardo da Vinci opened the door to the Renaissance and William Shakes peare treated us to the best writings and plays in the English language. Likewise, John Locke is a man who accomplished what many men could not. He single handedly developed a political system that had a focus on liberty, his work would help influence many men from both sides of the Atlantic. Aside from being a brilliant political theoristRead MoreBiography of John Locke876 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Locke was a British born philosopher, physician, and writer that played a significant role in the framework of The United States. He was born in Wrington, England on August 29th, 1632. A father, also named John, who was a country lawyer, and his mother Anges Keene, raised Locke. Both his parents were Puritans, which influenced his later work immensely (John Locke). Locke’s parents sent him to the famous Westminister School in London where he was led by Alexander Popham, a member of Parliament

The Right Of Privacy The United State - 1571 Words

Considering these different perspectives, the best way to continue the comparison in between them is by collecting several pros and cons on each ideology. The United State has not a uniform or standard law that promotes the concept of a right to privacy; instead, they introduced the concept through intellectual articles and was established by the Supreme Court. Nevertheless, it is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, thus it is often considered as secondary to other rights. This situation mainly occurs because the country does not want a law to interfere with the technology development process. This means that companies need to adapt to costumers’ data protection desires, and at the same time protects company’s economy interests. This brings a regulatory balance in between consumers and the company, in order to stabilize and to get into an acceptable level. Unfortunately, for the reason mentioned above, that the right of privacy is take a secondary law, the com panies protect themselves under the First Amendment that allows them to manage or sell personal information. On the other hand, the European Union has a different way on how to manage personal data. The idea of the new regulation is to coordinate the data protection law with all the countries and all the European Union members. The idea of making this law as a regulation instead of a directive is because it will be directly applicable to all the European Union associates without the implementation of anyShow MoreRelatedPrivacy Rights And The United States Constitution3179 Words   |  13 Pages Privacy Rights and The United States Constitution POL303: The American Constitution Instructor: Samra Nasser April 12, 2015 The founding fathers of the United States of America fought hard to achieve an independent nation. An independent nation containing freedoms and rights for citizens that only the constitution can guarantee. One of the crucial rights guaranteed to U.S citizens today is the right to privacy, or the right to be left alone according to Brandeis and Warren. TheRead MoreThe Liberties Of The United States1650 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the Constitution of the United States of America, the word â€Å"privacy† appears exactly zero times. Not once does the legal document that outlines the social order of the United Sates, define, or explicitly state a â€Å"right to privacy† for its citizens. Even with this fact prevailing over society, American citizens still esteem privacy in the highest regard. According to a survey conducted by the PEW Research Center, a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes andRead MoreAn Inquisition Of Privacy And The United States1565 Words   |  7 Pages2014 An Inquisition of Privacy and the United States The First Earl of Chatham, William Pitt, in his Speech on the Excise Bill, claimed that â€Å"The poorest man may in his cottage bid defiance to all the force of the Crown. It may be frail; its roof may shake; the wind may blow through it; the storms may enter, the rain may enter,—but the King of England cannot enter; all his forces dare not cross the threshold of the ruined tenement!† Although the concept of a right to privacy has existed since theRead MoreThe Freedom Of Expression And Privacy Of Citizens1471 Words   |  6 PagesTrump being elected for president, bombings and shootings of places in the United States, and even the Battle of Aleppo are recent events that have the government questioning freedoms and privacy of citizens. One of these freedoms that is being questioned is the freedom of expression. The freedom of expression, as freedomhouse.org stated, â€Å"is the right of every individual to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless ofRead MoreEssay about Privacy and the American Government1435 Words   |  6 Pagesways the United States’ citizens have privacy. With all of these false accusations it is simple to see why people would be supportive of our right to privacy. On the other hand, the government eavesdropping on the people of the United States has help ed save many lives and justice being served. The United States of America is a free country, so we should have the option to be spied on by the government; however, as citizens we do have rights of privacy that are stated in the Bill of Rights that cannotRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesProhibiting the government from becoming dictators. The constitution of the United States clearly outlines how to protect the interests of the people and how to implement the equal protection clause. Having a written constitution in the United States is an advantage that guarantees freedom of speech and religious practices. The United States government has established itself as a government proficient in protecting the rights and liberties of the people. Having a written constitution allows for theRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights Of The United States Constitution1501 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction. The Bill of Rights is a historical documents that has the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution. The purpose of the Bill of Rights is for greater constitutional protection for our own individual liberties. It has a list of specific prohibitions on government power. There were only 12 amendments originally for the state legislatures and only picked 10 for all the states and those are known as the Bill of Rights, but there are 27 amendments in total. AmendmentsRead MoreThe Eu Data Protection Directive1414 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1995 Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland enacted a legislation to protect personal data privacy in the form of the EU Data Protection Directive. According to this document, companies operating inside European Union are not permitted to transfer any personal data to countries outside European Economic Area unless coun tries in question can guarantee adequate levels of protectionRead MoreThe Issue Of Privacy Laws888 Words   |  4 PagesPrivacy laws are fairly new to humanity. We can take a look at the animal world, of which humans are biologically still classified in the same taxonomy family as apes. (Groves, 2005). Wild animals have no concept of privacy and humans in the beginning didn’t either. Early humans lived in tribes and shared belongings, otherwise they wouldn’t survive. The concept of what is considered private or not, has developed as human intellect has grown. As human intellect has increased, so has advancements inRead MorePrivacy, Freedom, And Freedom Of Freedom1303 Words   |  6 Pagesover time.† I believe while a right to privacy may not be in writing in the Constitution itself, that it is indeed directly implied that we the people of the United States of America do have a right to privacy. Individual liberty is after all, what the Framers fought so hard to achieve. Also, the Bill Of Rights was created to protect the people from the government, not the other way around. Without directly stating in The Bill of Rights that we have a right to privacy, I believe we can all draw our

“A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective” Free Essays

string(41) " those associated with other modalities\." Words â€Å"A Personalised Induction will always be more effective†. Discuss. Base your answer on theoretical concepts and techniques presented in class. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective† or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"There are many standardised procedures for the induction of hypnosis, but all have the aim of relaxing the patient and encouraging him or her to focus awareness inwardly† (Hadley amp; Staudacher, 1996, page 19). When a person decides to undergo hypnotherapy, an induction is required to ensure they are sufficiently relaxed to experience the process completely. Various formats are used, depending on why the hypnosis is being undertaken (such as; giving up smoking, weight loss). Some hypnotherapists use a standard format while others personalise the script to each individual. There are many techniques a therapist can adopt to suit the client and their personality, but this must be based on first impressions and using the techniques to better define that person and as a result give successful counselling. It is these techniques that will be addressed in further detail in the following essay. One year ago I attended an interview for the role I am currently employed in. My manager conducted the interview and displayed many of the personal traits I would expect such as; to encourage and support, be understanding of my level of skills and interested in my development. I accepted the role and a big part of my decision was based on the characteristics displayed by my manager. Unfortunately, my first impressions were amiss and my manager turned out to be a very different person. Although I have found the last year one of the most challenging in my working life, I realise that I have learnt valuable lessons when trying to determine a person by first impressions. Had I structured my questions to my manager more effectively, could I have learnt more about their style of working and seen their true traits? Now I wonder, had I known their true traits and not taken the role, would this have been a bad decision due to having learnt and grown so much as an individual while being under their management? Humans may appear to possess similar characteristics at times but, we are very different and our personalities can change from day to day. We will all have been brought up in different environments giving us different likes and dislikes and having different opinions on the world. History tells us that old styles of hypnosis were more of an authoritarian approach, where those such as Franz Anton Mesmer, would command their clients into a trance. In today’s world, where cultural change has taken effect on people, this approach would not be suitable for some individual’s due to people’s unique characters which need to be considered when assessing a client. In hypnosis we have to rely on words to communicate with our clients. It may come as a surprise that language makes up only 7% of our communication. Body language is our main way of communicating at 55% followed by tone and volume at 38%. This is why it is so important to find out the client’s likes and dislikes, their personality and to gain trust very early in the client / therapist relationship. So, how can we find out all of this information? Our brain receives information via our senses internally so we can assess it and learn how to act on it. So, what we feel internally is usually what we show on the outside. Our primary senses are referred to as what we: see, hear, touch and feel. Our smell and taste are what some would refer to as our secondary senses. In most cases we will have a preferred sense that we turn to in a particular situation, however we will use all of them at different times in our everyday life. We can also train ourselves to be more equal in using our different senses. These senses are known as Modalities. â€Å"Hypnosis and NLP both influence the subconscious mind. In many ways, hypnosis and NLP are opposite sides of the same coin and when they are combined they become arguably the most powerful tool for human evolution that has ever been developed† (Hypnosis and NLP article, The Human mind). Lateral Eye Movements (LEM) is a well known discovery of NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming), albeit controversial. It was first suggested to be related to internal representation by American Psychologist, William James (Principles of Psychology, 1890, page 193-195). Many psychologists followed to support this theory and began to explore the relationship between eye movements and different senses. For example, looking up and to the left is non-dominant visualisation, remembered imagery. Looking down and to the left is internal self-talk. It is important to remember that people will have gained habitual eye movements, so a therapist must feel confident in knowing how read a client’s eye movements to determine any characteristics or trustworthy traits. Those therapists adopting the personalised method carry out a preliminary interview to determine their client’s primary modality. They may use questionnaires, or a series of questions on behaviour, appearance and personality, to find out what kind of speech patterns and style the client would be most receptive to. The three primary modalities are: Kinaesthetic (Feeling) This represents a person who thinks in terms of feeling or physical actions, both internally and externally and will also use words that tend to reflect this. So, the person will speak of how something feels such as; rough or smooth and the word feel will be used often. The person will speak in lower, deeper tones breathing naturally deeply from their abdomen. LEM will usually be down to the right, tactile and intuitive, with gestures of body language focussed on their mid to lower body. These are people who would describe feeling their future within their grasp. Visual (Sight) A visual person will tend to use visual words and think in pictures. That person will also tend to be more receptive to visual words rather than those associated with other modalities. You read "â€Å"A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective†" in category "Papers" This person will be inclined to use the words see, look, imagine and refer to shapes, colours and sizes. LEM is likely to be defocused or up to the left (remembered visualisation) or to the right (constructed visualisation, fantasy). A visual person may describe their future as bright. Auditory (Hearing) An auditory person will think in terms of sounds or language and the speech and language will tend to reflect the same. Words such as hear, listen and harmony will be commonly used and they may refer to things by their loudness or quietness or by their frequency. They may also be sensitive to obtrusive sounds. An auditory person will imagine sounds by using their auditory system. They tend to have a melodic voice and may tilt their head to one side when listening. An auditory person might be told by a little bird that their future will be great. When we speak normally, we might use visual, auditory and kinaesthetic words, but when we are being very serious or emotional, it can become pparent of how a person uses their modality for thinking. People’s modalities and characteristics change. On an initial consultation someone may seem auditory and the therapist may therefore adopt an authoritarian approach. However, on the next meeting the client could display a different more prominent modality rendering the first one ineffective. This can be helped by compounding, this means adding two or more of the modalities to the script, for example; kinaesthetic with visual. The question then is, why not do this for all inductions? As mentioned earlier, one of the well known techniques of hypnotic induction and ways of suggesting things to a person once in a hypnotic state of trance is, authoritarian (direct suggestion). The other technique is known as permissive (indirect suggestion). The Permissive technique was devised by Milton Erickson, a psychologist and psychiatrist of the twentieth century. This technique is nurturing and can be known as the ‘mother figure’. It gives a client choice by using phrases such as; †¦ you may like to close your eyes†¦ †¦ you might want to remove your jacket to make yourself as comfortable as possible†¦ The words are caring and give the client a sense of safety which can often mean that the style of the script is more imaginative. Hence this would suit a client who is imaginative and tends not to challenge ideas and realities. Authoritarian scripts will have no choices, but be direct and logical. Although it can contain imagery, it will not be to the level that can be reached using a permissive style. The authoritarian style can also be known as the ‘father figure’ where the therapist is shown to be in complete control at all times. Authoritarian scripts refer to the client’s ‘powerful subconscious mind’ and use phrases such as: .. close your eyes knowing you will always be in control†¦ †¦ use the powerful ability of your subconscious mind to concentrate on your breathing†¦ Although this style may seem harsh to some people, it can work well on those with a busy mind who don’t like choices. This is a reaction to the confidence an d ability shown by the therapist that gives a client comfort that they know what they are doing. Sigmund Freud versus Milton Erickson Freud would demand his client to slip into a trance, he found this very difficult to get results from however, as he believed that suggestibility was a symptom of neurosis. Freud believed in being the powerful practitioner and felt uncomfortable using a technique that seemed to access unconscious thought processes, which he believed were the weapons of dark and ugly aspects of the human mind. Erickson on the other hand, who came along decades later, saw no harm in letting people feel in charge of their positive changes. He believed in letting a person’s own mind interpret the suggestion in a way to make the best out of the relaxation process. Erickson did this by structuring the language used in making a suggestion to give the client the right to choose to comply with his suggestion. This gives the client more responsibility. Although it is evident that direct techniques can be powerful and effective, they do not seem to give as much scope to encourage such a positive impact as an indirect approach. Both the authoritarian and permissive techniques can be successful and both are still adopted by therapists today. It will ultimately depend on the therapist themselves and how they mould and carry out the technique upon the client in order to encourage successful positive change, this is supported by Karle and Boys (1987), page 28. A personalised induction can make a person feel special and taken care of. But, are we then forgetting that people are unique and although you can get an idea of someone on first impressions; you cannot tell everything you need to know about them, which could be crucial in the approach taken to form their induction. Imagine the impact if visual words of the sea and â€Å"†¦ sinking deeper into relaxation†¦ † were used when a person has a fear of drowning. In hypnosis we rely on the client and ourselves as the therapists, we cannot ask anyone else. It seems evident throughout this essay that the relationship between the client and therapist is paramount. By trusting the therapist, a client will feel more open to ideas and the suggestions given to them. This is supported by Heap and Dryden (1991), page 18. After writing a number of specific scripts to suit the primary modalities and incorporating both direct and indirect techniques; I have found that this is, to some extent, already moulding an induction to certain groups of personalities. There are examples of where a personalised induction would not be effective and one of these is for groups. A therapist would not be able to effectively write a script that is specific to more than one person as no two people are the same. A standard format would not only save time, but could also be used on numerous clients, whereas a personalised one could not. At the beginning of my research I felt that a personalised induction had many risks involved with first impressions and the time taken to write each individual script. However, I do believe that by personalising an induction would give a better chance of the client being receptive to the words which undoubtedly encourages successful positive change. Bibliography Boys, H. K. (1987). Hypnotherapy: A practical handbook. London: Free Association Books. Chrysalis (2012). Diploma in Psychotherapeutic Counselling: Year One Hypnotherapy and Counselling Skills – Module Two, Hypnosis and Mental Health. Dryden, M. H. (1991). Hypnotherapy: A Handbook. Milton Keynes, Philadelphia: Open University Press. Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders (2012). Hypnotherapy article, Advameg Inc. Hypnosis and NLP article (2010). Hypnotic Strategies: authoritative and direct, permissive and indirect. Staudacher, H. amp;. (1996). Hypnosis for Change. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications, Inc. How to cite â€Å"A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective†, Papers

Honors Residential Scholars Community †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Honors Residential Scholars Community. Answer: Introduction The report is based on installation of pod bathroom units into student accommodation buildings based on construction management methods. The construction director considers introducing of Precedence network planning and programming software to the construction project work. The installation of 60 bathroom pod units is commenced at the students accommodation buildings in the university (Lawson, Ogden and Goodier 2014). The accommodation is built in schedule for intake of the students. The bathroom pods are installed into the Block B of the ten storey building. The supplier of the construction work is Offsite Solutions which offers higher quality of student accommodation bathroom pods and experience to supply of students housing sector (Till and Schneider 2016). The design of the bathroom pods are selected from various footprints in their design library which is developed to meet with project requirements. This particular paper investigates the construction methods and measures taken into the site for safe as well as effective management of resources required for the installation purpose. This paper also critically analyzes the issues for the construction management introduced into pods to different projects. A report is also prepared for the construction director to evaluate the benefits of Precedence planning and programming software. Cost items of the pod installation are also evaluated to maintain an optimum cash flow. Investigating methods for installation of the pods units The construction work of the bathroom pods units are used of Cantldeck system. This particular method is used due to buildings concrete frame. The construction of the bathroom pods offer modular solutions which result into speeding up the construction time on the block B (Osrin and Wornell 2015). Cantldeck system is such a technology which is used for the construction work and manufacture off higher quality, factory finished bathroom pods offsite on the subassembly lines. It is installed as well as connected to the arrival of the site. The system has capacity to manufacture of bathroom pods per week into quality controlled factory environment based on project design, project budget as well as specifications (Samarasinghe et al. 2015). A steel framed bathroom pods is suitable for the students accommodation building where there is higher quality traditional tiled finish is needed. As this project is based on construction of 60 bathroom pods, therefore it is suitable for the project wit h higher repeatability. Welded steel base frame: Offsite solutions provided with steel bathroom pods which is rigid precision welded steel box base frame with 18mm of WBP plywood (Gosling et al. 2016). Steel wall frames: The wall frames of the bathroom pods are used of computer controlled steel frame machine provided with complete control over design along with manufacturing methods (Malakauskas et al. 2016). Skinned wall composition: The wall frame is made of steel are double lined. Waterproof floor: The offsite solutions of steel framed bathroom pods are waterproofed with use of higher quality tanking system. Identification of the issues into construction project work The installation process of pods units includes a complete package with fixtures as well as fittings include of toilet, basin, pipe work as well as bath pre-installed. Demand of the bathroom pods are increasing and offering of significant benefit to the customers. They get innovative solutions in order to reduce time along with cost for the construction of bathroom and its installation (Samarasinghe et al. 2017). The installation of bathroom pod units project should ensure of monitoring safety. There are issues of high percentage of time required to manage the construction site for installation of pod units, delay into project schedule and defect problems are raised. Following are some of the issues which are required to manage at the time of installation of the pod units: No review process: At the design process of the bathroom pods, the manufacturers are not reviewing the shop drawings and inspection is not done to review the entire construction process (Malakauskas et al. 2017). Therefore, an inspection strategy is required at each installation stage of development of pod units. Delay into delivery: Around the schedule, delivery of bathroom pods is not planned properly (James 2014). When there is lack of gap into planning process, then there is delay into project work. Pods are being shipped into enclosed trucks. The mode of transportation is based on size of pods. Issue of kinematic nature: There are problems of electrical as well as mechanical origin which affect the performance of Pod. There is failure into the operation of bathroom pods units. Issue in gaining plumbing compliance: The bathroom pods are manufactured off-site, therefore the manufacturer faces issue of gaining plumbing compliances. Construction work of the pod units are done under strict industry standards (Yanagisawa 2015). The manufacturer throughout a licensed plumber request the local government to complete an inspection of pods units at the construction site. Lack of secured door: There is lack of secured door for preventing unauthorized person to access to pods at the time of final installation of the pods and throughout floor installation. When the doors are not preventing from the person, then there is failure of security policies in the installation of pods units (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). It is a practice used to use door of secure them from final commissioning and final completion with handover of the pod units. Budget issues: The installation of the bathroom pods units take 8-10 percent of the budget, therefore the developer faces budget issues when they try to control weather, project contractors as well as strict deadline (Elliott 2017). Therefore, the solution is that the developer should incorporate of 10 percent of buffer into the bathroom budget. They should consider innovative and also cost effective methods like pre-fabrication. Time constraints: Due to weather event, there is sometimes delay into the schedule and entire project work goes behind the scheduled plan (Steiner 2013). The project manager should take of time effective construction methods for delivering the project on time. Evaluate benefit of using Precedence planning and programming software The bathroom pod unit is ideal for the student accommodation which consists of features such as luxury showers, baths, glass enclosures, multi-cubicle and others. The installation work includes of insulation, plumbing work and electrical work which is connected at single service point to the mains (Rahman, Ahmad and Zainordin 2013). The construction director introduces Precedence planning and programming software for network planning and scheduling of the entire project work. The proposed software is accounted for possible changes into the project schedule which impact the project finish work. This software helps the project team members to show the order of tasks, milestones as well as planning phases (Carr 2014). Milestones are set to get idea whether the plan is on track or not. From analyzing the issues into the project, it is identified that lack of project planning leads to failure into the work. Charlesworth and Ahmed (2015) stated that project management defines to plan and o versee of the tasks which are required to achieve the project goals in installation of bathroom pods units for the student accommodation buildings. The key significant benefits of the proposed software are as follows: Drag and drop of functionality: The project manager can create of schedule chart by dragging as well as dropping of the tasks to various points on schedule and then make the updates (Valentine 2015). Installation of bathroom pods on the site needs the pod to crane into the building structure of students accommodation which is integrated into the mechanical system of building. Automatic calculations: After staring of the project plan, this software can automatically calculate the duration and make changes into the scheduled duration as per project requirements. Integrate with other solutions: Visualization tools are integrating with project management software which allows greater visibility along with understanding of project variables like timeline, availability of resources, potential risks as well as budget constraints (Ozorhon 2013). Version control: It becomes easier to share schedule charts with the project team members as well as project stakeholders. Identification of critical activities: The project activities have a bad impact on the project schedule. With use of this proposed software, the project manager can determine the activities which are critical to project schedule (Johansson and Zollner Wohlfart 2017). The critical path includes of those activities which are not delayed without affecting the completion date of the project. The proposed software makes visibility of the critical path. All the critical tasks have slack time which is not affecting the completion time (Malakauskas et al. 2016). When the manager of project delays into one or more tasks, then there is no delay into entire work. The project manager is encouraged to reduce the duration of project by optimization of critical path and using of project schedule tools to control the time of the project. Due to addition of extra resources, materials, there is possibility to rise the time of the project, therefore it is minimized and controlled with use of proposed software (Schindler 2014). Resources include into the project work are labor, finances and manager. Project planning is required to finish the work on time so as to eliminate the lack of resources. With proper allocation of resources to the project work, the cost and time both are controlled and reduced. The workers involved into the project divide their time to schedule their work as per assigned tasks (Jellen 2015). The major advantage of project scheduling tool is that project construction phases, deadlines are inputted into the proposed software. The programming software manages notifications and also organizes the tasks for the project manager (Jere mic 2013). Cost is also maintained using this software. The benefit of project evaluation as well as review techniques is not only involvement of top management but also involvement of other departments that lead to share of responsibilities across the departments. Pods units are designed to allow bathroom to remain closed and locked at the time of installation of POD in order to defend interior finishes. The Precedence planning and programming software is used to schedule the following installation event for the construction process as: Pod unit drawing and project specifications are being completed for proper review as well as approval (Osrin and Wornell 2015). There is commencement of site work to install foundation and grading of initial site. A preparation is made to floor slab in order to accommodate of installation of bathroom pod units (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). A template for bathroom layout is provided to identify the location for installation. This particular template determines where floor outlets are located for each bathroom units (Malakauskas et al. 2017). Plumbing and mechanical works are constructed. All the branch lines outside of the bathroom areas are being constructed. In order to prepare the POD connection, waste pipes are hung. Clean and level path is provided for installation of POD. Adjustable casters are required to move the POD units into final location. Electrical hooks are being made at accessible and coordinated point above bathroom units as per schedule of the construction site (Rahman, Ahmad and Zainordin 2013). Pod units connection are made along with complete inspection is done. Exterior of the pod units are taped and finished like the built room. Exterior finishes are being applied with utility connections. Final grading of the site, concrete of the work and landscaping of complete work process is finished (Samarasinghe et al. 2017). Evaluate the management of the key cost items of pod installation which assist in maintaining cash flow Osrin and Wornell (2015) stated that cost is the biggest driver of prefabrication which is followed by safety as well as quality. It is a driving factor when prefabrication is considered a benefit into construction strategy. Installation of pod bathroom units is accounted for 8-10 percent of capital cost of the students accommodation buildings. A higher level of capital cost is associated with installation of the pod units which include of mechanical, architectural as well as electrical specifications of the finish, fixture along with fittings of the pod units (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). Design as well as installation result into reduction of whole out-turn rate of the project. The bathroom pods cost same as site built bathrooms on direct basis of the cost. The manufacturer of the pod does tanking on walls as well as floors. With installation of pod unit, it reduces the cost of construction by reduction of construction time, improvement of quality and elimination of defects into the bathroom (Gosling et al. 2016). The cost estimation is done based on cost items such as installation cost. It consists of freight cost, handling, cost for templating and installation. The cost items consist of planning phase, construction of the base, indicative cost of the service connected and commissioning with cost of pod unit. The installation process is provided with functions of bathroom includes of technical ones, which is essential during the construction process. The cost items for the bathroom pods units are: Structure of the bathroom pod unit Structure composed of ceiling, floor, wall, door and exterior finishes Plumbing, wiring as well as ventilation system which are built to connect with the pod unit (Rahman, Ahmad and Zainordin 2013). Interior accessories such as towel, sink, storage shelves Electrical and mechanical work (Osrin and Wornell 2015). The installation of pod units is done at cost effective price with higher quality. The pod unit is not less expensive when it is compared to conventional constructions. The main variable selected for calculation of cost is location of project. Into the average cost market, both labor as well as materials is procured less, and then the bathroom pod units are presented at premium to the construction site (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). In higher cost market where the labor cost is will save direct upfront cost into the market. The following benefits show that bathroom pods will save cost into the market: Speed: The bathroom pod accelerates of the construction timeline by 20 percent with an efficient on-site installation of pods (Samarasinghe et al. 2017). Superior quality: The bathroom pod is built adhere to strict manufacturing guidelines so that each of the pods is designed based on project specifications (Malakauskas et al. 2017). Simplicity: There are limited workspaces at the construction site. The bathroom pod unit is designed with use of 3D modeling for onsite compatibility. It is installed as well as connected with the mechanical system of the building. Safety: The employees at the working site will reduce the incidents and violations of the safety and health rules. Therefore, in average as well as above the average cost market, there is leveraging of fabrication will give positive impact on the bottom line of budget. Bathroom pod unit is the most cost effective storage options into installation work. The price is varied based on size off pod unit. Utilization of the pod unit saves the time of the construction by 20 percent (Smith and Quale 2017). It also reduces the insurance cost along with quicker generation of income. The pod unit installed is a cost effective and quality solution for the campus students. Recommendations Strict follow of quality standards: Building work of the pod unit should follow of strict quality guidelines so that it can meet with the clients requirements. The workers should follow all the construction rules and regulations to install the pod designed for project specifications. Proper plumbing connection: The connection point location of the plumbing is specified by builder, throughout design as well as development phase. Plumbing connection is significantly required for this installation work so as to complete it on time. Proper electrical work: All the electrical points are being wired back to single connection points. It is terminated at junction box for the purpose of connection by the electrician and supplied to reach the closer power sources. Conclusion It is concluded that the bathroom pod units is installed based on project design, project budget as well as specifications. The construction worker followed of strict deadline to complete the project on time. The installation process of the project ensures that all the project phases are managed and monitored properly. Some of the issues are identified while conducting the installation work such as high percentage of instance required managing the construction site for installation of pod units, postponement into project schedule along with problems are raised. Cost is also managed as 8-10 percent of the capital cost is being accounted for the project work. The capital cost of the installation work includes of mechanical, architectural as well as electrical specifications of finish work of pod units. Cantldeck system is being used into the construction work to provide with higher quality, factory finished bathroom pods offsite on the subassembly lines. The main issues to manage the installation of the pod units are that the manufacturer are not reviewing and inspecting the construction process. Strict industry standards are to be followed for this particular construction work. There is lack of secured door to prevent unauthorized person to access of the bathroom pods at the time of final installation it. Due to some weather events, delay is occurred and therefore the result is that the project is behind the schedule. The construction director evaluates of the benefits of using the software for proper planning and scheduling of entire project work. Planning is needed to complete the work so that they can eliminate the resource risks. The resource allocation of project work is done based on project requirements. All the tasks are assigned to the project resources so that it can completely finish. Some of the recommendations are also suggested for successfully complete the project work such as strict follow of the quality standards, f ollow of the budget as well as time. There is proper follow of the plumbing connection along with electrical work. References Carr, C., 2014.Social and Economic Conditions of Temporary Urban Living(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati). Charlesworth, E. and Ahmed, I., 2015.Sustainable housing reconstruction: Designing resilient housing after natural disasters. Routledge. Elliott, K.S., 2017. Historical and Chronological Development of Precast Concrete Structures.Modernisation, Mechanisation and Industrialisation of Concrete Structures, p.1. Gosling, J., Pero, M., Schoenwitz, M., Towill, D. and Cigolini, R., 2016. Defining and categorizing modules in building projects: an international perspective.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,142(11), p.04016062. James, C., 2014. Relationship Between Residence Hall Floor Plan And Social Interaction, Community, Retention, And Overall Satisfaction. Jellen, A.C., 2015. Vertical Expansion of Existing Buildings Using Multi-story Modular Construction Methods. Jeremic, B., 2013. Student Residence Hall Rooms: Sense of Control, Sense of Community, Student Relationships, and Academic Achievement. Johansson, J. and Zllner Wohlfart, L., 2017. Sustainable bathroom design. Lawson, M., Ogden, R. and Goodier, C., 2014.Design in modular construction. CRC Press. Malakauskas, G., Baltramiejunas, M., Muller, H.D., Andersson, E.R., Hattig, T., Sodemann, S.T. and Muller, P., Vastint Hospitality BV, 2016.Prefabricated panel for a building. U.S. Patent 9,464,436. Malakauskas, G., Baltramiejunas, M., Muller, H.D., Andersson, E.R., Hattig, T., Sodemann, S.T. and Muller, P., Vastint Hospitality BV, 2017.Method and system for construction of a building. U.S. Patent 9,556,632. Malakauskas, G., Baltramiejunas, M., MLLER, H.D., Andersson, E.R., Hattig, T., Sodemann, S.T. and Mller, P., Vastint Hospitality BV, 2016.Prefabricated panel for a building. U.S. Patent Application 15/266,466. Osrin, D. and Wornell, P., 2015. Backing innovation.Building Surveying Journal, p.10. Ozorhon, B., 2013. Response of construction clients to low-carbon building regulations.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,139(12), p.A5013001. Rahman, N.A.A., Ahmad, S. and Zainordin, Z.M., 2013. Perception and Awareness of Leaking for Toilet in Pre-cast Concrete Structure.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,85, pp.61-69. Samarasinghe, T., Mendis, P., Aye, L. and Vassos, T., 2017. Applications of design for excellence in prefabricated building services systems. Samarasinghe, T., Mendis, P., Ngo, T. and Fernando, W.J.B.S., 2015. BIM Software Framework for Prefabricated Construction: Case Study Demonstrating BIM Implementation on a Modular House. In6th International Conference On Structural Engineering And Construction Management(pp. 154-162). Scanlon, K., Whitehead, C. and Blanc, F., 2017. The future social housing provider. Schindler, S., 2014. Housing and the Cooperative Commonwealth.Places Journal. Smith, R.E. and Quale, J.D. eds., 2017.Offsite Architecture: Constructing the Future. Taylor Francis. Steiner, H.A., 2013.Beyond Archigram: the structure of circulation. Routledge. Till, J. and Schneider, T., 2016.Flexible housing. Routledge. Valentine, T., 2015. Lessons Learned from Nevadas Honors Residential Scholars Community. Yanagisawa, K., 2015. Trends in the Design and Planning of Schools from the Viewpoint of Information Technology and Communication. InSchools for the Future(pp. 173-183). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.

Canterbury Tales Essays (786 words) - The Canterbury Tales

Canterbury Tales In the book Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer, gives us a stunning tale about a rooster named Chaunticleer. Chaunticleer, who is the King of his domain in his farmland kingdom. Like a King, he quotes passages from intellectuals, dreams vivid dreams, has a libido that runs like a bat out of hell, and is described as a very elegant looking Rooster. He has every characteristic of a person belonging to the upper class. Chaucer's hidden meanings and ideas make us think that the story is about roosters and farm animals, but in reality he is making the Aristocracy of his time period the subject of his mockery by making the reader realize how clueless the Aristocracy can be to the way things are in the real World. Chaucer describes Chaunticleer in many different ways. One of them is his language. Chaunticleer's language is that of a scholar. He quotes many different scriptures in a conversation with Pertelote, such as, Saint Kenelm, Daniel and Joseph (from the bible), and Croesus. From each author he tells a story about an individual who had a vision in a dream and the dream came true. He may have been making all the stories up in order to win the argument with Pertelote, but, this seems unlikely because he does not take heed to his own advice and stay away from the fox that encounters him later. He is educated enough to know these supposed quotations but not intelligent enough to understand the real meaning of them. It is if he simply brings because they help him win the argument with his spouse and not because he actually believes what they say. Chaucer is using the idea that the Aristocracy has schooling throughout their childhood, but it is only done to have seemingly important but empty conversations. His physical appearance is also described with such beautiful passion that it makes us think Chaunticleer is heaven on earth. "His comb was redder than fine coral, and crenellated like a castle wall; his bill was black and shone like jet; his legs and toes were like azure; his nails whiter than lily; and his color like the burnished gold." Chaucer describes Chaunticleer as the quintessential Cock, so perfect that his description is no longer believable when we realize he is describing a Rooster. Chaucer is setting up Chaunticleer to be as regal and grandiose as a King. Even though he looks like a million dollars he is still very shallow inside. He lies to his spouse just to keep her happy and his every thought is of fornication. Like the Aristocracy he takes many pleasures of the flesh with no real commitment to his duty as a rooster. Chaunticleer's character appears to be that of a shallow used car salesman. He lies to his spouse about his opinion of women just so he can ride her later in the morning. "Mulier est hominis confusio; Madame, the meaning of this Latin is, 'Woman is man's joy and all his bliss.'" The real meaning is " Woman is man's ruin". He tells her a lie to ensure he gets what he wants from her later. He seems like the type of person who would say anything to get what they want no matter the truth or whom it hurts. He also falls victim to his own hubris, something that is not uncommon to most rich arrogant people. Chaucer's creation of Chaunticleer is done solely to imitate and mock the upper class. Chaunticleer is educated, like people in the upper class; looks good, as people with money can afford to do; and revolves around the pleasures of the flesh like a pre-pubescent child. Had he not been "riding" Pertelote all morning he might have seen the fox coming and been able to avoid becoming captured. His attitude was that of the upper class, that he is too good to worry about life's little trivial matters and that he loves to have pleasure. The fox is able to dupe him simply by flattering his voice. "... the reason I came was only to hear how you sing.". He is so consumed with living in his own grandiose twisted reality, where nothing bad Canterbury Tales Essays (786 words) - The Canterbury Tales Canterbury Tales In the book Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer, gives us a stunning tale about a rooster named Chaunticleer. Chaunticleer, who is the King of his domain in his farmland kingdom. Like a King, he quotes passages from intellectuals, dreams vivid dreams, has a libido that runs like a bat out of hell, and is described as a very elegant looking Rooster. He has every characteristic of a person belonging to the upper class. Chaucer's hidden meanings and ideas make us think that the story is about roosters and farm animals, but in reality he is making the Aristocracy of his time period the subject of his mockery by making the reader realize how clueless the Aristocracy can be to the way things are in the real World. Chaucer describes Chaunticleer in many different ways. One of them is his language. Chaunticleer's language is that of a scholar. He quotes many different scriptures in a conversation with Pertelote, such as, Saint Kenelm, Daniel and Joseph (from the bible), and Croesus. From each author he tells a story about an individual who had a vision in a dream and the dream came true. He may have been making all the stories up in order to win the argument with Pertelote, but, this seems unlikely because he does not take heed to his own advice and stay away from the fox that encounters him later. He is educated enough to know these supposed quotations but not intelligent enough to understand the real meaning of them. It is if he simply brings because they help him win the argument with his spouse and not because he actually believes what they say. Chaucer is using the idea that the Aristocracy has schooling throughout their childhood, but it is only done to have seemingly important but empty conversations. His physical appearance is also described with such beautiful passion that it makes us think Chaunticleer is heaven on earth. "His comb was redder than fine coral, and crenellated like a castle wall; his bill was black and shone like jet; his legs and toes were like azure; his nails whiter than lily; and his color like the burnished gold." Chaucer describes Chaunticleer as the quintessential Cock, so perfect that his description is no longer believable when we realize he is describing a Rooster. Chaucer is setting up Chaunticleer to be as regal and grandiose as a King. Even though he looks like a million dollars he is still very shallow inside. He lies to his spouse just to keep her happy and his every thought is of fornication. Like the Aristocracy he takes many pleasures of the flesh with no real commitment to his duty as a rooster. Chaunticleer's character appears to be that of a shallow used car salesman. He lies to his spouse about his opinion of women just so he can ride her later in the morning. "Mulier est hominis confusio; Madame, the meaning of this Latin is, 'Woman is man's joy and all his bliss.'" The real meaning is " Woman is man's ruin". He tells her a lie to ensure he gets what he wants from her later. He seems like the type of person who would say anything to get what they want no matter the truth or whom it hurts. He also falls victim to his own hubris, something that is not uncommon to most rich arrogant people. Chaucer's creation of Chaunticleer is done solely to imitate and mock the upper class. Chaunticleer is educated, like people in the upper class; looks good, as people with money can afford to do; and revolves around the pleasures of the flesh like a pre-pubescent child. Had he not been "riding" Pertelote all morning he might have seen the fox coming and been able to avoid becoming captured. His attitude was that of the upper class, that he is too good to worry about life's little trivial matters and that he loves to have pleasure. The fox is able to dupe him simply by flattering his voice. "... the reason I came was only to hear how you sing.". He is so consumed with living in his own grandiose twisted reality, where nothing bad Canterbury Tales Essays (786 words) - The Canterbury Tales Canterbury Tales In the book Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer, gives us a stunning tale about a rooster named Chaunticleer. Chaunticleer, who is the King of his domain in his farmland kingdom. Like a King, he quotes passages from intellectuals, dreams vivid dreams, has a libido that runs like a bat out of hell, and is described as a very elegant looking Rooster. He has every characteristic of a person belonging to the upper class. Chaucer's hidden meanings and ideas make us think that the story is about roosters and farm animals, but in reality he is making the Aristocracy of his time period the subject of his mockery by making the reader realize how clueless the Aristocracy can be to the way things are in the real World. Chaucer describes Chaunticleer in many different ways. One of them is his language. Chaunticleer's language is that of a scholar. He quotes many different scriptures in a conversation with Pertelote, such as, Saint Kenelm, Daniel and Joseph (from the bible), and Croesus. From each author he tells a story about an individual who had a vision in a dream and the dream came true. He may have been making all the stories up in order to win the argument with Pertelote, but, this seems unlikely because he does not take heed to his own advice and stay away from the fox that encounters him later. He is educated enough to know these supposed quotations but not intelligent enough to understand the real meaning of them. It is if he simply brings because they help him win the argument with his spouse and not because he actually believes what they say. Chaucer is using the idea that the Aristocracy has schooling throughout their childhood, but it is only done to have seemingly important but empty conversations. His physical appearance is also described with such beautiful passion that it makes us think Chaunticleer is heaven on earth. "His comb was redder than fine coral, and crenellated like a castle wall; his bill was black and shone like jet; his legs and toes were like azure; his nails whiter than lily; and his color like the burnished gold." Chaucer describes Chaunticleer as the quintessential Cock, so perfect that his description is no longer believable when we realize he is describing a Rooster. Chaucer is setting up Chaunticleer to be as regal and grandiose as a King. Even though he looks like a million dollars he is still very shallow inside. He lies to his spouse just to keep her happy and his every thought is of fornication. Like the Aristocracy he takes many pleasures of the flesh with no real commitment to his duty as a rooster. Chaunticleer's character appears to be that of a shallow used car salesman. He lies to his spouse about his opinion of women just so he can ride her later in the morning. "Mulier est hominis confusio; Madame, the meaning of this Latin is, 'Woman is man's joy and all his bliss.'" The real meaning is " Woman is man's ruin". He tells her a lie to ensure he gets what he wants from her later. He seems like the type of person who would say anything to get what they want no matter the truth or whom it hurts. He also falls victim to his own hubris, something that is not uncommon to most rich arrogant people. Chaucer's creation of Chaunticleer is done solely to imitate and mock the upper class. Chaunticleer is educated, like people in the upper class; looks good, as people with money can afford to do; and revolves around the pleasures of the flesh like a pre-pubescent child. Had he not been "riding" Pertelote all morning he might have seen the fox coming and been able to avoid becoming captured. His attitude was that of the upper class, that he is too good to worry about life's little trivial matters and that he loves to have pleasure. The fox is able to dupe him simply by flattering his voice. "... the reason I came was only to hear how you sing.". He is so consumed with living in his own grandiose twisted reality, where nothing bad

Economic Injustice essays

Economic Injustice essays We live in a country today misrepresented by its own peoples' perception. The consensus that we live in the greatest nation in the world is not so much a feeling of nationalism as it is a forgone conclusion in the minds of millions of Americans. What a great many of these millions do not realize is that they are the victims of a government set up by our founding fathers to uphold a class system based on a very unproportional distribution of wealth. As the old saying goes, you need money to make money, and this is never more true than it is in the United States, the land where the rich stay rich and the poor stay poor. Howard Zinn asks, "What is economic justice?" There is no clear answer, except to say economic justice simply does not exist. One might ask when all this came about. The nation started under the greatest of pretexts. A nation of democracy, equality, and freedom. But freedom from what? Taxation without representation? Or maybe just taxation. The argument has been made that our country was started by land and slave owning men who did not want to pay their taxes. But the truth is the nation was started by a group of very wealthy men, who did not intend for "all men are created equal" to apply to the distribution of wealth. True, times were very different then. But many ideas and laws from the late 18th century that have no place in the 21st century still apply in situations today. Look no further than the recent election. An old system of choosing the nations leader by electors, created in fairness to southern slave-owners who counted each of their "possesions" as two-fifths of a person, is preventing the nation from electing the majority's choice as president. The debacle that is now being called "Indecision 2000" should be a wake up call to Americans living under laws past in another age for a much different nation. No one denies that poverty is a problem in the United States, and even more so globall...

Response to an essay exam Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response to an exam - Essay Example It is evident that believer may be losing the culture war to the non believers because of the continued decline in moral directions and the minimal religious liberty in the United States today. There are different flashpoints that have a greater contribution to the debate of whether God exists or not. Scientists have challenged the notion about the universe’s age. They strongly believe that it must be at least millions of years old while the bible estimates it to be less than ten thousand years old. A major contribution to this flashpoint was when astronomers came up with two systems of measurement to establish that near galaxies are millions of light years away. This brought a viewpoint different from that of believers that consider creation to have taken place in six days. This theory created another flash point of the big bang theory challenging the belief of how the universe was created. Scientist state that the universe was made with the big bang. It started from space then dispersing from each other formed the universe. George Gamow contribution to the culture war was by his theory that the universe may have formed from a hot beginning that would be cooled to form protons. However, he did not have a clear explanation of what caused the big bang. Christians, on the other hand, are sure that God created the universe and structured it specifically to be the way it is. (Edwin and Leigh, 2002) In evolution, Charles Darwin developed a materialistic view of the universe in which he stated that there is no God, only matter. He made the theoretical perception from Ivanivich Oparin’s study of how gases and water formed organic molecules when charged with electricity. Darwin states that the early life begun naturally and evolved to more complex forms as time passed by. Man evolved from animals like apes and monkeys and became more complex in body and mind over the years. He assessed that human beings are no different from animals and share similar

Bronchial Asthma in the Age Group 6 to 11 years Essay

Bronchial Asthma in the Age Group 6 to 11 years - Essay Example In this age, children begin to learn to read and define objects in terms of use. Their time sense is as much in past as present. They are interested in relationship between home and neighborhood; knows some streets. That which is relevant to his condition was, they use sentences well; uses language to share others' experiences; may swear or use slang (Barnes, P., 1995). Psychosocially, these children still requires parental support, but pulls away from overt signs of affection. Play teaches the child new ideas and independence. The child progressively uses tools of competition, compromise, cooperation, and beginning collaboration. Body image and self-concept are fluid because of rapid physical, emotional, and social changes. The play pattern has significance to his illness. In this age, the child acts out ideas of family and occupational groups with which he has contact. When I started a conversation with him once he was stabilized, he said painting, reading, simple games, watching television, digging, running games, skating, riding bicycle, and swimming were all his enjoyed activities (Behrman, R.E., et al. Eds., 2003). In this age group, family atmosphere continues to have an impact on the child's emotional development, and he would need ongoing guidance in an open, inviting atmosphere. Limits should be set with conviction. It was important to deal with only one incident at a time. It was important to take care of the fact that the child should not feel humiliated. The parents must be aware of the environmental causes of bronchial asthma, and I made a mental note as to advise the parents that he needs assistance in adjusting to new experiences and demands of school and should be able to share experiences with family. While communicating with him, it was important to convey love and caring in communication. The child understands language directed at feelings better than at intellect. While communicating, it was better to get down to eye level with the child. In conformity to the psychological stage of this child's age group and due to the fact that he was in considerable anxiety, the child would nee d order and consistency to help in coping with doubts, fears, unacceptable impulses, and unfamiliar experiences (Davies, D., 2004). Pathophysiology of Bronchial Asthma: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells play a role, including mast cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and epithelial cells. In susceptible children, this type of inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and cough, particularly at night and early morning. These episodes are associated with variable airflow obstruction that is commonly reversible spontaneously or with treatment. The inflammation also causes an associated increase in the existing bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli. Airway inflammation is found in all children with mild,

Genes And Other Factors Of Happiness Psychology Essay

Genes And Other Factors Of Happiness Psychology Essay Genes and circumstances contribute equally to human happiness in the short term, but genes and neurotransmitters cause  80% of the range of happiness people feel in the long term, according to recent research in behavioral genetics and neurochemistry (Sharpe and Bryant 2008:1-9) 1. Genetic information derived from scientific explorations of genetic traits may have important links to understanding the basis for feelings of well-being and potentially the phenomena associated with human happiness. While non-genetic oriented research of social, political, public policy, theology and economic studies have addressed the impact of social and institutional environments on mass political attitudes and behaviors, there is a paucity of solid research on the interrelation and influence of genetic and environmental factors on these parameters. The neuroscience and genes experiments have entailed basic propositions of well being and happiness into human brain which has made science unique. On th e other hands, Social Sciences especially economics, political science, theology or public policy has endeavored different aspects and corners of happiness research which made the issue not much different from what gene, neuroscience and psychology researchers have got. This paper would discuss the inevitability of the Science -Social Science Nexus in Happiness research and the findings. Keywords: Happiness, Genes, Science Social Science Nexus, Factors of Happiness. Introduction: Across culture, people rate subjective well being as most important elements of their life and more important than material success (Diener, 2000)2. Subjective well being is equally treated here as Happiness. In this paper we explore neurogenetics determination and its relationships with social science research on happiness throughout our lives. The abovementioned classical saying from Diener has got great value in Happiness Research. Despite the fact, the invention of Genetics Research during late 1800s flames the fire on Nature versus Nurture debate which has caused a rift within the scientific community, with researchers and theorists passionately defending both sides of the argument. Furthermore the Social science Researchers on Happiness has raised more issues which has become complicated to the neurogenetics researchers and by thus the inevitability of Social science and science nexus in happiness research has become more realistic. This holds especially true in the discourse of the determination of ones happiness.Resaerchers debate Human biological make up, i.e., the happiness is determined by configuration of human genetics. Even happiness is known to be related to personality traits. However, to date, nobody has examined whether personality and subjective well-being share a common genetic structure (Weiss, Bates and Luciano, 2008)3. Its novel approach to scientific analysis fusing biology, psychology and sociology was convincing to some researchers, but also thought of as unsubstantiated and too restrictive by others. The divisive line between those that supported the study of genetics within human behavioral research and those that simply dismissed its findings only grew with time, as more controversial theories and concepts began to emerge. A result of this conflict between nature and nurture is a lack of communication between both sides of the argument. Researchers tend to view genetics and life events as separate entities working to determine which one has greater power over the other in shaping emotional status. Genetics theorists such as David Lykken and Auke Tellegen4 focus most of their experiments on data analysis and genetics testing, while proponents of life events research such as Richard Lucas and Sonja Lyubomirsky use more of the qualitative methods, surveying specific individuals, as was familiar to sociologists. Though the differences between the two sides are stark, the two arguments can work together. Through the revelation of behavioral genetics research it is undeniable that new, significant findings in the realm of sociology will emerge. It cannot be counted out as a major force within the development of human emotion. Nevertheless, the inability of the two sides of this conflict to work together has led to numerous holes in research and conclusions by both points of view. In this paper we intend to prove that behavioral genetics greatly influences human behavior and emotion and should be taken into account in all social science research on individual happiness levels. We will first outline the research on genetics with respect to happiness and how it has evolved. Then we will look at the response to the genetic research by those who argue that happiness is determined by life-events. The final part of the literature will be a discussion of the integration of genetics and life-events, which will include the research which as been completed and that which we believe will further the field. We will then conclude the paper with a summary of the arguments and which side our study has led us to. Methodology: The methodology adopted here is Content Analysis, historical data analysis and analysis of case studies. We have consulted data and analysis of previous reports by scientific and social science experts on happiness research. The methodology is completely based on secondary data analysis and interpretation. In analyzing those data, we have carefully selected data which are related to our themes. We have also used those data and figures to show the science-social sciences nexus of happiness research. Characteristics of Happy People: In her recent study, Lyubomirsky suggests that happiness is determined by three influences: 50% set point or genetic make-up; 40% intentional activity; 10% circumstance (Lyubomirsky 2007).5 In 1996, University of Minnesota researcher David Lykken studied 4,000 sets of twins born in Minnesota from 1936-1955.   After comparing data on identical vs. fraternal twins, he came to the conclusion that 50% of ones satisfaction from life comes from genes. (Lykken, D.   Happiness is a Stochastic Phenomenon.  Ã‚  Minn Psychological Science  7(3), 1996)6 Martin Seligman, PhD, at the University of Pennsylvania taught a single happiness-enhancing strategy to a group of severely depressed people.   These individuals had difficulty staying out of bed.   They were encouraged to log onto a Web site and engage in a simple exercise.   The exercise involved recalling and writing down three good things that happened every day.   Within 15 days, their depression lifted from severe to moderate to mild.   Ninety-four percent reported relief (Authentic Happiness2002).7 Richard Davidson, known by colleagues as the king of happiness research, has been studying the link between prefrontal lobe activity and the sort of deep bliss that people who meditate experience. According to Davidson (2001)8, happiness isnt just a vague, ineffable feeling; its a physical state of the brain-one that you can induce deliberately. As researchers have gained an understanding of the physical characteristics of a happy brain, they have come to see that those traits have a powerful influence on the rest of the body. Numerous studies (Kubzansky, Sparrow, Vokonas, Kawachi, 2001)9 have discovered that happiness or related mental states like hopefulness, optimism, and contentment appear to reduce the risk or limit the severity of cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes, hypertension, colds, and upper respiratory infections as well. The benefits of being happy go beyond the temporary phase of feeling good. Happy people exhibit a high level of energy and can do attitude. They are emotionally intelligent and show more poise and grace in a crisis. Their immune systems are stronger, and they live longer and have more fruitful lives as a result. Over many decades, psychological researchers have begun to place more and more emphasis on understanding influences upon mental and emotional health and well-being. Some of Seligmans own research, for instance, had focused on optimism, a trait shown to be associated with good physical health, less depression and mental illness, longer life, and, yes, greater happiness. Perhaps the most eager explorer of this terrain was University of Illinois psychologist Edward Diener, a.k.a. Dr. Happiness. For more than two decades, Diener had been examining what does and does not make people feel satisfied with life. Seligmans goal was to shine a light on such work and encourage much, much more of it. A recent survey by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that people ages 20 to 24 are sad for an average of 3.4 days a month, as opposed to just 2.3 days for people ages 65 to 74. The earlier notion where you live makes you happy, has recently been challenged by the work of North and others (North  et al. 2008)10.  They suggest that  happiness can change and underscore the importance of exploring more deeply the role that family relationships play in facilitating such change and this is not related to economic status (Wenz, 1977)11. Similarly, the idea that  marriage increases happiness has been challenged by the evidence that married people may have been happier than single people because the former were happier to begin with. Scientific Research on Happiness: Genes and Happiness: Genes carry the instructions for the construction of neurotransmitters, their receptor and re-absorption portals. They also impart information on such things as their storage and release rates. Hence, genes can influence the prevalence, scarcity, and activity of serotonin and dopamine, and, in turn, whatever behaviors and feelings these neurotransmitters induce. For each of us, our happiness fluctuates within a small range that our genes largely determine. So concludes Dean Hamer in his review of studies on the role of genes in happiness or misery. Hamer12 directs our attention to two of the more than  300  known neurotransmitters, dopamine (the brains chemical for pleasure) and serotonin, the petrochemical for misery. Neurotransmitters pass information from the synapse or junction between a nerve cell and another nerve cell or a muscle. The nerve cells bulbous end releases them from storage when an electrical impulse moving along the nerve reaches it. Then they cross the junction to dock at the other nerve cells receptor, and either prompt or inhibit the impulses along the second cell. The first nerve cell reabsorbs excess neurotransmitters, but not necessarily all of them. Those that remain free-floating help create our happy or miserable states of being. How you feel right now is about equally genetic and circumstantial, says Hamer. But how you will feel on average over the next ten years is fully  80% because of your genes (Hamer  1996:  125).13 Further evidence for a physical/biochemical basis of happiness comes from neuroanatomy.  Richard Lane  and his colleagues preliminary research indicate that feelings of happiness, sadness, and disgust all co-occur with increased brain activity in the thalamus and medial prefrontal cortex. Greater activity near the ventral medial frontal cortex distinguishes happiness from sadness, whilst happiness correlates with significant increases in bilateral activity near the middle and posterior temporal cortex and hypothalamus. Lane concludes that, spatially distributed brain regions participate in each emotion (Lane, et al.  1997:930)14. Identical twins (those with the same genetic makeup) attain the same level of happiness  44  percent of the time. In comparison, fraternal twins, those who share genes as do ordinary siblings, reach the same level only eight percent of the time. Hamer adds: These data show that the broad heritability of well-being is  40  to  50% (Hamer  1996:  125)15. Studies by David Lykken and Auke Tellegen assess the happiness of twins over five to ten years, and show the slight impact of sex, age, race, and marital status, and the short-term influence of job loss or lottery winning. A recent report by psychologists Christopher Lewis and Stephen Joseph16 suggests that the Depression-Happiness Scale (which psychologists use to calculate happiness) measures happiness as a trait rather than a state, with subjects scores on the scale remaining relatively stable over a two-year period. Other studies show that a persons level of happiness remains stable over many years. Inherited genes account for the majority of this level. Figure- 1:  Happiness genes GENE ASSOCIATIONS DRD2 Alcoholism, Substance abuse, craving behavior, cocaine dependence, smoking, ADHD, parenting, Obesity, video gaming, sexual activity, posttraumatic stress disorder schizophrenia, Parkinsons, brain metabolism, BMI, executive functioning, love styles (EROS) pathological gambling. Pathological aggression, schizoid/avoidant behavior, criminal activity, politics party attachment. Energy, hypertension. Hyperphagia, growth, sexual maturation, brain development, depression, anorexia, bulimia, fibromyalgia, pain sensitivity, hunger, novelty seeking, extraversion, early onset sexual intercourse, defense style (lying), oppositional defiant disorder, panic disorder, developmental personality, Tourette Syndrome, Parkinsons, executive dysfunctioning, pleasure buzz ANNKI Smoking dependence, parental rule-setting, Schizophrenia, cognition deficit, alcohol and opiate dependence, pleasurable buzz, 5HT2A Eating disorders, obesity, Insulin resistance, love styles (romantic), suicide, ADHD, Panic disorders, impulsive aggression, cognitive impulsivity, anger, sweet tooth, antidepressant treatment outcomes, fibromyalgia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, borderline personality, smoking behavior, cocaine dependence, BMI. OPRK1 (kappa -opioid receptor) Alcohol and heroin dependence. Pain mechanisms and tolerance. OPRM1 (mu opioid   receptorreceptor) Pleasure buzz, smoking addiction, heroin addiction, alcoholism, pain sensitivity, BMI, type 2 diabetes mellitus. COMT Psychiatric and affective disorders, alcoholism, substance use disorder, smoking, post-surgical pain, fibromyalgia, Parkinsons disease, ADHD. SLC6A3 Post-surgical pain, cocaine abuse, alcohol dependence, smoking behavior, juvenile delinquency, pathological aggression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, ADHD, impulsive aggression, cognitive impulsivity. HTR3B Heroin addiction, migraine, impulsive behavioral aggression, cognitive -impulsivity, ADHD, alcoholism. NOS3 Pain mechanism, healing mechanisms, circulation, hypertension, cardiovascular. PPARG Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Insulin sensitivity, Body composition, eating disorders, BMI, physical exercise, common metabolic disorders, body mass, waist circumference, inflammatory response, immune system. CHREBP Plasma triglycerides, triglyceridemia, obesity ,,improves plasma glucose, FTO Severe obesity, food intake, adiposity, body mass, energy intake, BMI, fat mass, pleasurable buzz. TNFalpha Inflammation, mortality, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, BMI, Immune response. PEMT Proinflamamtory, immunoregulation, apotosis, substance use disorder. MANEA Substance dependence LEPTIN-OB BMI, Schizophrenia, stress, obesity risk, food intake, craving behavior, diabetes, insulin sensitivity, adiposity, body composition, linear growth, metabolic factors, hyperphagia, cocaine dependence, lipogenesis, modulation of sweet substances, anorexia, bulimia, cardiovascular effects, fertility, sexual maturation, brain development, depression, fatty acid metabolism, hunger, MAO-A Pain sensitivity, bipolar affective disorder, ADHD, alcoholism, Substance Use Disorder, violent behavior, juvenile delinquency, smoking, child abuse, suicide, criminal activity, posttraumatic stress disorder, anti-depressant treatment response, alcoholism, panic disorder, schizophrenia, pathological gambling. ADIPOQ Metabolic syndrome, adiposity, fat mass, energy intake, obesity, lipogenesis, type 2 diabetes, BMI. STS ADHD VDR Obesity, BMI, overeating, metabolic syndrome, anthropometric measures, schizophrenia, temporal lobe epilepsy, immune system, type 2 diabetes, physical activity, BONE DENSITY (OSTEOPOROSIS). DBI ANXIETY DISORDERS GABRA6 Autism, alcoholism, stresses response. GABRB3 Autism, alcoholism, stress. MTHFR   Cardiovascular disease, Homocysteine levels, obesity, fat mass, Schizophrenia. MLXIPL (CARBOHYDRATE BINDING ELEMENT) Plasma triglycerides, glucose craving behavior, obesity. VEGF Angiogenesis factor, cognition, tissue healing, pain sensitivity, oxidative stress. DRD4 Financial risk taking, nicotine withdrawal, ADHD, novelty seeking, Alcoholism, aggression, impulsivity, delinquency, memory deficits, anger, temperament, schizophrenia, sexual intercourse, drug abuse, extraversion, obesity, stress, emotional reactivity, infant attachment, oppositional defiant disorder, fibromyalgia, hyperphagia, alcohol craving, pathological gambling, panic disorder, developmental personality, Tourette Syndrome, Parkinsons. VMAT2 Antidepressant treatment outcome, Parkinsons, ADHD, cocaine and methamphetamine dependence, spirituality GOD Gene. CLOCK Circadian system, mood, bipolar, endocrine and metabolic rhythms, stress, reproduction, morphine dependence MELETONIN Sleep anxiety, alcoholism OREXIN Hyperphagis and energy regulation Source: Blum, K et.al. (2009)17 The abovementioned Table showed the genes and its associations with different Situations. Genetic factors may also contribute to the drug abuse-derived pleasure form; in one genomic study on rats exposed to chronic methamphetamine abuse, the SLC6A gene and its variants were shown to be altered upon exposure to methamphetamine (Kobeissy, et al., 2008)(Gold, et al., 2009).18 This disorder is due to genetic defects in the dopamine reward pathways. As a result of such defects the natural rewards are no longer sufficient to improve mood and provide pleasure, and affected individuals pursue an excessive amount of unnatural rewards such as from alcohol, nicotine, drugs, gambling, sex and risk taking in the form of dangerous sports, such bungie and base jumping, sky diving, extreme skiing, race car driving, video gaming and others to stimulate their reward pathways. The SLC6A gene is involved in cocaine abuse, alcohol dependence, smoking behavior, juvenile delinquency, pathological aggression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, ADHD, impulsive aggression, cognitive impulsity and is a major component in the happiness gene map (see  Figure 1  and  Table 1). In 1995 Kenneth Blum coined the term RDS (Blum et al. 1996; Comings et al 2000; Blum et al. 2000).19 The fact that drugs of abuse such as alcohol, cocaine, speed and nicotine stimulate the release of dopamine explains part of the question of why humans become addicted to things; this does not explain why some people have serious problems with addictions. While environmental factors play a role, there is a significant variation in addictive potential among individuals exposed to the same environment or even substances ( Hoebel, Avena, Borcarsly, Rada, 2009,  Comings and Blum 2000).20  Ã‚   Another facet of certain environmental elements that may affect ones happiness and ultimately longevity is being in control. Langer (1989)21 carried out a landmark study that suggested that being in control resulted in greater longevity. In his study performed in a nursing home for the elderly, one group of subjects was given a plant and told to look after it, they were responsible for the plants health. Another group was also given a plant but told that the staff would look over the plant. Over the next 18 months twice as many of those who were not in control of their plants died compared to those in control of their plants. A test of this hypothesis has been successfully carried out by others in two strains of rodents. One strain liked drinking alcohol more than drinking water; the other strain did not. If the preference for alcohol was due to a defect in the dopamine D2 receptor, then increasing the level of D2 receptor in the reward pathways should eliminate the alcohol preference. This was accomplished by injecting copies of the D2 receptor gene directly in the nucleus accumbens. This resulted in a temporary over expression of the D2 receptors that lasted several days. The over expression of the D2 receptor gene reduces alcohol intake demonstrating that high levels of the D2 receptor gene are protective against alcohol abuse (Thanos et al 2001).22 Post (2005)23 suggests that altruism and volunteerism are associated with happiness, improved mood, enhanced self-esteem, and better mental and physical health; and that helping others, per se, may be a major part of the increased longevity seen in religious versus non-religious individuals. However others have rejected the idea that religion was a key factor. They concluded in their studies of over 8,832 subjects that volunteering, rather than its religious context, explained the beneficial effects and happiness (Musick  et al. 1999)24.  These findings are not so simple and cannot be taken without understanding that  we really cannot determine whether a confound drives an observed correlation. That is, that correlational data is always vulnerable to potential third-variable confounds. As we stated earlier, wealth does not necessarily correlate with happiness. In fact, as pointed out in Comings25 book  Did Man Create God,  a major reason for the lack of correlation between Gross National Product (GNP) and happiness is that people quickly adapt to a wide range of circumstances. He stated, Someone inheriting or winning a great deal of money may be temporarily be happier, but they soon settle back to their previous innate level of happiness. The same holds for those with progressively increasing yearly incomes. In support of this notion  Allen Parducci  (1995)26 suggested that after each raise, people adapt and return to a previous level of happiness (a set point genetically programmed), a phenomena he termed  hedonic treadmill. Figure-2 Source: Ibid, 2009 27 Psychology and Happiness: For most of its history, psychology has concerned itself with all that ails the human mind: anxiety, depression, neurosis, obsessions, paranoia, delusions, etc., and the behaviors they produce. The goal of practitioners has been to bring patients from a negative ailing state to a neutral normal state. Or, as University of Pennsylvania psychologist Martin Seligman puts it, from a minus five to a zero (Seligman 2002)28. In the tabe-1, we could see that DRD2 genes has associations with the psychological functions like Alcoholism, Substance abuse, craving behavior, cocaine dependence, smoking, ADHD, parenting, Obesity, video gaming, sexual activity, posttraumatic stress disorder schizophrenia, Parkinsons, brain metabolism, BMI, executive functioning, love styles (EROS) pathological gambling. Pathological aggression, schizoid/avoidant behavior, criminal activity, politics party attachment. Energy, hypertension. Hyperphagia, growth, sexual maturation, brain development, depression, anorexia, bulimia, fibromyalgia, pain sensitivity, hunger, novelty seeking, extraversion, early onset sexual intercourse, defense style (lying), oppositional defiant disorder, panic disorder, developmental personality, Tourette Syndrome, Parkinsons, executive dysfunctioning, pleasure buzz etc. At the same time, the gene like ANNKI has the effects on Smoking dependence, parental rule-setting, Schizophrenia, cognition deficit, alcohol and opiate dependence, pleasurable buzz. The gene 5HT2A has got associations with Eating disorders, obesity, Insulin resistance, love styles (romantic), suicide, ADHD, Panic disorders, impulsive aggression, cognitive impulsivity, anger, sweet tooth, antidepressant treatment outcomes, fibromyalgia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, borderline personality, smoking behavior, cocaine dependence, BMI. Genes like OPRK1 (kappa -opioid receptor) has associations with the Alcohol and heroin dependence. Pain mechanisms and tolerance. OPRM1 (mu opioid   Receptor) has associations with Pleasure buzz, smoking addiction, heroin addiction, alcoholism, pain sensitivity, BMI, type 2 diabetes mellitus. COMT has associations with Psychiatric and affective disorders, alcoholism, substance use disorder, smoking, post-surgical pain, fibromyalgia, Parkinsons disease, ADHD. SLC6A3 genes are associated with Post-surgical pain, cocaine abuse, alcohol dependence, smoking behavior, juvenile delinquency, pathological aggression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, ADHD, impulsive aggression, cognitive impulsivity. Heroin addiction, migraine, impulsive behavioral aggression, cognitive -impulsivity, ADHD, alcoholism is attached with the gene HTR3B. Pain mechanism, healing mechanisms, circulation, hypertension, cardiovascular are associated with the genes NOS3. Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Insulin sensitivity, Body composition, eating disorders, BMI, physical exercise, common metabolic disorders, body mass, waist circumference, inflammatory response, immune system are affected with the genes PPARG. Plasma triglycerides, triglyceridemia, obesity ,,improves plasma glucose are asssociated iwth the genes CHREBP. Severe obesity, food intake, adiposity, body mass, energy intake, BMI, fat mass, pleasurable buzz are associated with the genes FTO. Inflammations, mortality, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, BMI, Immune response are associated with the gene TNFalpha. Proinflamamtory, immunoregulation, apotosis, substance use disorder are associated with the gene PEMT. Substance dependence is also associated with the gene MANEA. BMI, Schizophrenia, stress, obesity risk, food intake, craving behavior, diabetes, insulin sensitivity, adiposity, body composition, linear growth, metabolic factors, hyperphagia, cocaine dependence, lipogenesis, modulation of sweet substances, anorexia, bulimia, cardiovascular effects, fertility, sexual maturation, brain development, depression, fatty acid metabolism, hunger have great effects of the gene LEPTIN-OB. Pain sensitivity, bipolar affective disorder, ADHD, alcoholism, Substance Use Disorder, violent behavior, juvenile delinquency, smoking, child abuse, suicide, criminal activity, posttraumatic stress disorder, anti-depressant treatment response, alcoholism, panic disorder, schizophrenia, pathol ogical gambling are also affected by the gene MAO-A. Metabolic syndrome, adiposity, fat mass, energy intake, obesity, lipogenesis, type 2 diabetes, BMI has the same associations with the gene ADIPOQ. ADHD has the associations with the gene STS. Obesity, BMI, overeating, metabolic syndrome, anthropometric measures, schizophrenia, temporal lobe epilepsy, immune system, type 2 diabetes, physical activity, BONE DENSITY (OSTEOPOROSIS) has associations with the gene VDR. Anxiety Disorders has associations with the gene DBI. Autism, alcoholism, stress response has association with the gene GABRA6. Autism, alcoholism, stress has strongest associations with the gene GABRB3. Cardiovascular disease, Homocysteine levels, obesity, fat mass, Schizophrenia has associations with the gene MTHFR. Plasma triglycerides, glucose craving behavior, obesity has associations with the gene MLXIPL (CARBOHYDRATE BINDING ELEMENT). Angiogenesis factor, cognition, tissue healing, pain sensitivity, oxidative stress has associations with the gene VEGF. Financial risk taking, nicotine withdrawal, ADHD, novelty seeking, Alcoholism, aggression, impulsivity, delinquency, memory deficits, anger, temperament, schizophrenia, sexual intercourse, drug abuse, extrav ersion, obesity, stress, emotional reactivity, infant attachment, oppositional defiant disorder, fibromyalgia, hyperphagia, alcohol craving, pathological gambling, panic disorder, developmental personality, Tourette Syndrome, Parkinsons has association with the gene DRD4. Antidepressant treatment outcome, Parkinsons, ADHD, cocaine and methamphetamine dependence, spirituality GOD Gene has association with the gene VMAT2. CLOCK gene is associated with Circadian system, mood, bipolar, endocrine and metabolic rhythms, stress, reproduction, morphine dependence. Sleep anxiety, alcoholism is associated with the gene MELETONIN. OREXIN gene has associations with Hyperphagis and energy regulation. So from the above analysis what we could see is that several genes have had associations with the psychological orders and disorders of human body and mind. Genes like DRD2 and DRD4, ANNKI, COMT, SLC6A3, TNFalpha, PEMT, LEPTIN-OB, MAO-A, ADIPOQ, STS, VDR, DBI, GABRA6, GABRA3, MTHFR, VEGF, VMAT2, CLOCK, MELETONIN, OREXIN has associations with the Psychological disorders like Sleep anxiety, mood, bipolar, endocrine and metabolic rhythms, stress, reproduction, morphine dependence, cocaine and methamphetamine dependence, spirituality GOD Gene, Financial risk taking, nicotine withdrawal, ADHD, novelty seeking, Alcoholism, aggression, impulsivity, delinquency, memory deficits, anger, temperament, schizophrenia, sexual intercourse, drug abuse, extraversion, obesity, stress, emotional reactivity, infant attachment, oppositional defiant disorder, fibromyalgia, hyperphagia, alcohol craving, pathological gambling, panic disorder, developmental personality, Tourette Syndrome, Angiogenesis factor , cognition, pain sensitivity, oxidative stress, obesity, obesity, Schizophrenia, alcoholism, stress response, Anxiety disorders, bipolar affective disorder, ADHD, alcoholism, Substance Use Disorder, violent behavior, juvenile delinquency, smoking, child abuse, suicide, criminal activity, posttraumatic stress disorder, anti-depressant treatment response, alcoholism, panic disorder. But the most interesting thing is that not all the genes have the same disorders, rather each of the different genes has different syndroms which affects happiness of human being. But most interesting things is that more genes has associations with the same disorders like Schizophrenia of human being which seriously affects happiness. As well as more genes has the same affects like panic disorders which also affected happiness. In one hand, this is the genes associations with Psychology and happiness and on the other hands, there are more factors involved in the Psychology and happiness. James Montier29, a global equity strategist, has concluded with the almost same view of happiness where genes have the greatest associations with human happiness. About 50% of individual happiness comes from a  genetic set point.  That is, were each predisposed to a certain level of happiness. Some of us are just naturally more inclined to be cheery than others. About 10% of our happiness is due to our  circumstances.  Our age, race, gender, personal history, and, yes, wealth, only make up about one-tenth of our happiness. The remaining  40% of an individuals happiness seems to be derived from  intentional activity, from discrete actions or practices that people can choose to do. Economist Richard A. Easterlin30 at the University  was among the first to notice the paradoxical disconnection between a nations economic growth and the growth of its happiness. The Easterlin Paradox was once thought to be limited to rich