John Lockes Philosophy Essay - 724 Words

John Locke was born in 1632. He earned his bachelor’s Degree in 1656 and a masters degree in 1658. In 1690 Locke’s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding appeared. From this came Tabula rasa. This then laid the foundation for environmentalism. Locke was an English philosopher who was regarded as one of the â€Å"most influential of enlightenment thinkers† and â€Å"important to social contract social† (Wikipedia). Locke died in 1704 never being married or having children. His theories are a part of what we practice today. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding is a set of four books and within this is â€Å"extremely long and detailed theory of knowledge starting from the very basics and building up.† (SparkNotes Editors, n.d.) In these four books†¦show more content†¦One of my favorite quotes by Locke goes â€Å"No mans knowledge here can go beyond his experience.† I agree with this quote. Because of Locke’s theory of the minds knowledge the term environmentalism came about. Environmentalism is the belief that the environment will determine what a child becomes. This is something I agree with. As we look at all the different environments we have grown up in and the environments our children are growing up in they are very different. For some these environments are drastically different. There are many diverse families with single parent home, same sex parents, grandparents raising children, and so many other things that can influence the environment a child is growing up in. because of these things some children are not ready for kindergarten when they should be and are lacking the skills needed to move on. These have become what is known as â€Å"disadvantaged† children/schools. As an example I grew up in a pretty nice neighborhood with middle class families my environment was on my side and I thrived in school. Now on the other side of the tracks is an area that is of poverty and are struggling to get by those are the areas where there are high er numbers of high school drop outs and crime rates because they did not have the environment to show them how to act and behave in society. Their environment gave them a lack of knowledge they did not have at birth. Then there are those who have facedShow MoreRelatedJohn Lockes Political Philosophy 752 Words   |  3 Pages John Locke is one of the most influential political philosophers of the modern era. He is a strong-minded empiricist whom expresses radical views about law and order. Locke is a fascinating figure in the history of law and order whose excellence of elucidation and depth of intellectual activity remains extremely influential. His mature political philosophy leant support to the British Whig party and its principles, to the Age of Enlightenment, and to the development of the separation of the StateRead MoreAge Of Enlightenment755 Words   |  4 Pagesintellectual thinkers, such as John Locke, which helped shape and influence modern government and politics. John Locke is recognized as the father of classical liberalism, introducing the Two Treatises of Government, Social Contract, and private property, which formed the basis for the constitutions in westernized democratic powers such as the United States of America and the United Kingdom. The Two Treatises of Government became the most influential pieces of work that John Locke had created during theRead More John Locke Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Locke John Locke is considered to be England’s most prominent philosopher. He was born August 29, 1632 in a small town of Somerset, which is south of Bristol, England. Locke was the oldest of three children. His mother died when he was 22 years old and Locke spoke of her very well. Locke’s father was a Puritan attorney and clerk to a justice of the peace in the town where Locke was born. He was very strict with his son when he was younger. which Locke later believed that parents shouldRead MoreThe Three Political Philosophy Quotes1177 Words   |  5 Pagestypes were most influenced by these 3 philosophers. They each have their outstanding quotes to support and present their ideas. The three political philosophy quotes by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Karl Marx each is the best example for â€Å"absolutism†, â€Å"enlightenment and natural rights† and â€Å"communism†. In addition, the 3 different types of philosophy each applies to distinct type of governments. Thomas Hobbes believes in one common power which relates to monarchy. In Hobbes’s quote, Hobbes uses theRead MoreJohn Locke : Philosophies And Contributions Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagestaken their own philosophies of education and changed the way we look at learning. Whether it is educating the children of today or bringing religion into the stream, our curriculum is always changing with their ideas in mind. John Locke and Erasmus provide extremely different philosophies when it comes to the curriculum of education although they have both impacted the way we teach today dramatically. Although there were a lot of child educators who were strong in what they did, John Locke is mostRead MoreBusiness Ethics: John Locke Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Ethics: John Locke Business Ethics Business ethics is defined as â€Å"a specialized study of moral right and wrong that focusses on moral standards as they apply to business institutions, organizations, and behavior† (Velasquez, 2014, p.15). Business ethics is the study of moral standards that focusses primarily on how these standards may apply to social systems and/or organizations. For this paper I will be focusing on one of the great minds of business ethics, John Locke, his ideas andRead MoreHow John Locke Inspired Maria Montessori1459 Words   |  6 PagesJOHN LOCKE Every man has a property in his own person. This nobody has a right to, but himself. – John Locke Childhood John Locke was born on August 29, 1632, in Wrington, a village in the English country of Somerset. He was baptized the same day. Soon after his birth, the family moved to the market town of Pensford, about seven miles south of Bristol, where Locke grew up in an old fashioned stone farmhouse . His father was a county lawyer to the Justices of the Peace and his motherRead MoreJohn Locke’s Theory of Personal Identity Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Locke (1632-1704) said ‘To find wherein personal identity consists, we must consider what person stands for †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Locke, in set book, p. 275). Therefore, to recapitulate Locke’s philosophy on personal identity it is necessary to clarify how he inimitably used the term ‘person’ and consequently other words, such as ‘substance’ and ‘man’, which he utilized to form his philosophical ideas. Furthermore, his work on personal identity inspired debate amongst many subsequent philosophers and motivatedRead MoreAnalysis Of John Locke s The Of The Golden Era Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesof a phenomenal thinker and leader, and so he is regarded as the Emperor of the â€Å"Golden Era†. Leonardo da Vinci opened the door to the Renaissance and William Shakes peare treated us to the best writings and plays in the English language. Likewise, John Locke is a man who accomplished what many men could not. He single handedly developed a political system that had a focus on liberty, his work would help influence many men from both sides of the Atlantic. Aside from being a brilliant political theoristRead MoreBiography of John Locke876 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Locke was a British born philosopher, physician, and writer that played a significant role in the framework of The United States. He was born in Wrington, England on August 29th, 1632. A father, also named John, who was a country lawyer, and his mother Anges Keene, raised Locke. Both his parents were Puritans, which influenced his later work immensely (John Locke). Locke’s parents sent him to the famous Westminister School in London where he was led by Alexander Popham, a member of Parliament

The Right Of Privacy The United State - 1571 Words

Considering these different perspectives, the best way to continue the comparison in between them is by collecting several pros and cons on each ideology. The United State has not a uniform or standard law that promotes the concept of a right to privacy; instead, they introduced the concept through intellectual articles and was established by the Supreme Court. Nevertheless, it is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, thus it is often considered as secondary to other rights. This situation mainly occurs because the country does not want a law to interfere with the technology development process. This means that companies need to adapt to costumers’ data protection desires, and at the same time protects company’s economy interests. This brings a regulatory balance in between consumers and the company, in order to stabilize and to get into an acceptable level. Unfortunately, for the reason mentioned above, that the right of privacy is take a secondary law, the com panies protect themselves under the First Amendment that allows them to manage or sell personal information. On the other hand, the European Union has a different way on how to manage personal data. The idea of the new regulation is to coordinate the data protection law with all the countries and all the European Union members. The idea of making this law as a regulation instead of a directive is because it will be directly applicable to all the European Union associates without the implementation of anyShow MoreRelatedPrivacy Rights And The United States Constitution3179 Words   |  13 Pages Privacy Rights and The United States Constitution POL303: The American Constitution Instructor: Samra Nasser April 12, 2015 The founding fathers of the United States of America fought hard to achieve an independent nation. An independent nation containing freedoms and rights for citizens that only the constitution can guarantee. One of the crucial rights guaranteed to U.S citizens today is the right to privacy, or the right to be left alone according to Brandeis and Warren. TheRead MoreThe Liberties Of The United States1650 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the Constitution of the United States of America, the word â€Å"privacy† appears exactly zero times. Not once does the legal document that outlines the social order of the United Sates, define, or explicitly state a â€Å"right to privacy† for its citizens. Even with this fact prevailing over society, American citizens still esteem privacy in the highest regard. According to a survey conducted by the PEW Research Center, a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes andRead MoreAn Inquisition Of Privacy And The United States1565 Words   |  7 Pages2014 An Inquisition of Privacy and the United States The First Earl of Chatham, William Pitt, in his Speech on the Excise Bill, claimed that â€Å"The poorest man may in his cottage bid defiance to all the force of the Crown. It may be frail; its roof may shake; the wind may blow through it; the storms may enter, the rain may enter,—but the King of England cannot enter; all his forces dare not cross the threshold of the ruined tenement!† Although the concept of a right to privacy has existed since theRead MoreThe Freedom Of Expression And Privacy Of Citizens1471 Words   |  6 PagesTrump being elected for president, bombings and shootings of places in the United States, and even the Battle of Aleppo are recent events that have the government questioning freedoms and privacy of citizens. One of these freedoms that is being questioned is the freedom of expression. The freedom of expression, as freedomhouse.org stated, â€Å"is the right of every individual to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless ofRead MoreEssay about Privacy and the American Government1435 Words   |  6 Pagesways the United States’ citizens have privacy. With all of these false accusations it is simple to see why people would be supportive of our right to privacy. On the other hand, the government eavesdropping on the people of the United States has help ed save many lives and justice being served. The United States of America is a free country, so we should have the option to be spied on by the government; however, as citizens we do have rights of privacy that are stated in the Bill of Rights that cannotRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesProhibiting the government from becoming dictators. The constitution of the United States clearly outlines how to protect the interests of the people and how to implement the equal protection clause. Having a written constitution in the United States is an advantage that guarantees freedom of speech and religious practices. The United States government has established itself as a government proficient in protecting the rights and liberties of the people. Having a written constitution allows for theRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights Of The United States Constitution1501 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction. The Bill of Rights is a historical documents that has the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution. The purpose of the Bill of Rights is for greater constitutional protection for our own individual liberties. It has a list of specific prohibitions on government power. There were only 12 amendments originally for the state legislatures and only picked 10 for all the states and those are known as the Bill of Rights, but there are 27 amendments in total. AmendmentsRead MoreThe Eu Data Protection Directive1414 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1995 Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland enacted a legislation to protect personal data privacy in the form of the EU Data Protection Directive. According to this document, companies operating inside European Union are not permitted to transfer any personal data to countries outside European Economic Area unless coun tries in question can guarantee adequate levels of protectionRead MoreThe Issue Of Privacy Laws888 Words   |  4 PagesPrivacy laws are fairly new to humanity. We can take a look at the animal world, of which humans are biologically still classified in the same taxonomy family as apes. (Groves, 2005). Wild animals have no concept of privacy and humans in the beginning didn’t either. Early humans lived in tribes and shared belongings, otherwise they wouldn’t survive. The concept of what is considered private or not, has developed as human intellect has grown. As human intellect has increased, so has advancements inRead MorePrivacy, Freedom, And Freedom Of Freedom1303 Words   |  6 Pagesover time.† I believe while a right to privacy may not be in writing in the Constitution itself, that it is indeed directly implied that we the people of the United States of America do have a right to privacy. Individual liberty is after all, what the Framers fought so hard to achieve. Also, the Bill Of Rights was created to protect the people from the government, not the other way around. Without directly stating in The Bill of Rights that we have a right to privacy, I believe we can all draw our

“A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective” Free Essays

string(41) " those associated with other modalities\." Words â€Å"A Personalised Induction will always be more effective†. Discuss. Base your answer on theoretical concepts and techniques presented in class. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective† or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"There are many standardised procedures for the induction of hypnosis, but all have the aim of relaxing the patient and encouraging him or her to focus awareness inwardly† (Hadley amp; Staudacher, 1996, page 19). When a person decides to undergo hypnotherapy, an induction is required to ensure they are sufficiently relaxed to experience the process completely. Various formats are used, depending on why the hypnosis is being undertaken (such as; giving up smoking, weight loss). Some hypnotherapists use a standard format while others personalise the script to each individual. There are many techniques a therapist can adopt to suit the client and their personality, but this must be based on first impressions and using the techniques to better define that person and as a result give successful counselling. It is these techniques that will be addressed in further detail in the following essay. One year ago I attended an interview for the role I am currently employed in. My manager conducted the interview and displayed many of the personal traits I would expect such as; to encourage and support, be understanding of my level of skills and interested in my development. I accepted the role and a big part of my decision was based on the characteristics displayed by my manager. Unfortunately, my first impressions were amiss and my manager turned out to be a very different person. Although I have found the last year one of the most challenging in my working life, I realise that I have learnt valuable lessons when trying to determine a person by first impressions. Had I structured my questions to my manager more effectively, could I have learnt more about their style of working and seen their true traits? Now I wonder, had I known their true traits and not taken the role, would this have been a bad decision due to having learnt and grown so much as an individual while being under their management? Humans may appear to possess similar characteristics at times but, we are very different and our personalities can change from day to day. We will all have been brought up in different environments giving us different likes and dislikes and having different opinions on the world. History tells us that old styles of hypnosis were more of an authoritarian approach, where those such as Franz Anton Mesmer, would command their clients into a trance. In today’s world, where cultural change has taken effect on people, this approach would not be suitable for some individual’s due to people’s unique characters which need to be considered when assessing a client. In hypnosis we have to rely on words to communicate with our clients. It may come as a surprise that language makes up only 7% of our communication. Body language is our main way of communicating at 55% followed by tone and volume at 38%. This is why it is so important to find out the client’s likes and dislikes, their personality and to gain trust very early in the client / therapist relationship. So, how can we find out all of this information? Our brain receives information via our senses internally so we can assess it and learn how to act on it. So, what we feel internally is usually what we show on the outside. Our primary senses are referred to as what we: see, hear, touch and feel. Our smell and taste are what some would refer to as our secondary senses. In most cases we will have a preferred sense that we turn to in a particular situation, however we will use all of them at different times in our everyday life. We can also train ourselves to be more equal in using our different senses. These senses are known as Modalities. â€Å"Hypnosis and NLP both influence the subconscious mind. In many ways, hypnosis and NLP are opposite sides of the same coin and when they are combined they become arguably the most powerful tool for human evolution that has ever been developed† (Hypnosis and NLP article, The Human mind). Lateral Eye Movements (LEM) is a well known discovery of NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming), albeit controversial. It was first suggested to be related to internal representation by American Psychologist, William James (Principles of Psychology, 1890, page 193-195). Many psychologists followed to support this theory and began to explore the relationship between eye movements and different senses. For example, looking up and to the left is non-dominant visualisation, remembered imagery. Looking down and to the left is internal self-talk. It is important to remember that people will have gained habitual eye movements, so a therapist must feel confident in knowing how read a client’s eye movements to determine any characteristics or trustworthy traits. Those therapists adopting the personalised method carry out a preliminary interview to determine their client’s primary modality. They may use questionnaires, or a series of questions on behaviour, appearance and personality, to find out what kind of speech patterns and style the client would be most receptive to. The three primary modalities are: Kinaesthetic (Feeling) This represents a person who thinks in terms of feeling or physical actions, both internally and externally and will also use words that tend to reflect this. So, the person will speak of how something feels such as; rough or smooth and the word feel will be used often. The person will speak in lower, deeper tones breathing naturally deeply from their abdomen. LEM will usually be down to the right, tactile and intuitive, with gestures of body language focussed on their mid to lower body. These are people who would describe feeling their future within their grasp. Visual (Sight) A visual person will tend to use visual words and think in pictures. That person will also tend to be more receptive to visual words rather than those associated with other modalities. You read "â€Å"A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective†" in category "Papers" This person will be inclined to use the words see, look, imagine and refer to shapes, colours and sizes. LEM is likely to be defocused or up to the left (remembered visualisation) or to the right (constructed visualisation, fantasy). A visual person may describe their future as bright. Auditory (Hearing) An auditory person will think in terms of sounds or language and the speech and language will tend to reflect the same. Words such as hear, listen and harmony will be commonly used and they may refer to things by their loudness or quietness or by their frequency. They may also be sensitive to obtrusive sounds. An auditory person will imagine sounds by using their auditory system. They tend to have a melodic voice and may tilt their head to one side when listening. An auditory person might be told by a little bird that their future will be great. When we speak normally, we might use visual, auditory and kinaesthetic words, but when we are being very serious or emotional, it can become pparent of how a person uses their modality for thinking. People’s modalities and characteristics change. On an initial consultation someone may seem auditory and the therapist may therefore adopt an authoritarian approach. However, on the next meeting the client could display a different more prominent modality rendering the first one ineffective. This can be helped by compounding, this means adding two or more of the modalities to the script, for example; kinaesthetic with visual. The question then is, why not do this for all inductions? As mentioned earlier, one of the well known techniques of hypnotic induction and ways of suggesting things to a person once in a hypnotic state of trance is, authoritarian (direct suggestion). The other technique is known as permissive (indirect suggestion). The Permissive technique was devised by Milton Erickson, a psychologist and psychiatrist of the twentieth century. This technique is nurturing and can be known as the ‘mother figure’. It gives a client choice by using phrases such as; †¦ you may like to close your eyes†¦ †¦ you might want to remove your jacket to make yourself as comfortable as possible†¦ The words are caring and give the client a sense of safety which can often mean that the style of the script is more imaginative. Hence this would suit a client who is imaginative and tends not to challenge ideas and realities. Authoritarian scripts will have no choices, but be direct and logical. Although it can contain imagery, it will not be to the level that can be reached using a permissive style. The authoritarian style can also be known as the ‘father figure’ where the therapist is shown to be in complete control at all times. Authoritarian scripts refer to the client’s ‘powerful subconscious mind’ and use phrases such as: .. close your eyes knowing you will always be in control†¦ †¦ use the powerful ability of your subconscious mind to concentrate on your breathing†¦ Although this style may seem harsh to some people, it can work well on those with a busy mind who don’t like choices. This is a reaction to the confidence an d ability shown by the therapist that gives a client comfort that they know what they are doing. Sigmund Freud versus Milton Erickson Freud would demand his client to slip into a trance, he found this very difficult to get results from however, as he believed that suggestibility was a symptom of neurosis. Freud believed in being the powerful practitioner and felt uncomfortable using a technique that seemed to access unconscious thought processes, which he believed were the weapons of dark and ugly aspects of the human mind. Erickson on the other hand, who came along decades later, saw no harm in letting people feel in charge of their positive changes. He believed in letting a person’s own mind interpret the suggestion in a way to make the best out of the relaxation process. Erickson did this by structuring the language used in making a suggestion to give the client the right to choose to comply with his suggestion. This gives the client more responsibility. Although it is evident that direct techniques can be powerful and effective, they do not seem to give as much scope to encourage such a positive impact as an indirect approach. Both the authoritarian and permissive techniques can be successful and both are still adopted by therapists today. It will ultimately depend on the therapist themselves and how they mould and carry out the technique upon the client in order to encourage successful positive change, this is supported by Karle and Boys (1987), page 28. A personalised induction can make a person feel special and taken care of. But, are we then forgetting that people are unique and although you can get an idea of someone on first impressions; you cannot tell everything you need to know about them, which could be crucial in the approach taken to form their induction. Imagine the impact if visual words of the sea and â€Å"†¦ sinking deeper into relaxation†¦ † were used when a person has a fear of drowning. In hypnosis we rely on the client and ourselves as the therapists, we cannot ask anyone else. It seems evident throughout this essay that the relationship between the client and therapist is paramount. By trusting the therapist, a client will feel more open to ideas and the suggestions given to them. This is supported by Heap and Dryden (1991), page 18. After writing a number of specific scripts to suit the primary modalities and incorporating both direct and indirect techniques; I have found that this is, to some extent, already moulding an induction to certain groups of personalities. There are examples of where a personalised induction would not be effective and one of these is for groups. A therapist would not be able to effectively write a script that is specific to more than one person as no two people are the same. A standard format would not only save time, but could also be used on numerous clients, whereas a personalised one could not. At the beginning of my research I felt that a personalised induction had many risks involved with first impressions and the time taken to write each individual script. However, I do believe that by personalising an induction would give a better chance of the client being receptive to the words which undoubtedly encourages successful positive change. Bibliography Boys, H. K. (1987). Hypnotherapy: A practical handbook. London: Free Association Books. Chrysalis (2012). Diploma in Psychotherapeutic Counselling: Year One Hypnotherapy and Counselling Skills – Module Two, Hypnosis and Mental Health. Dryden, M. H. (1991). Hypnotherapy: A Handbook. Milton Keynes, Philadelphia: Open University Press. Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders (2012). Hypnotherapy article, Advameg Inc. Hypnosis and NLP article (2010). Hypnotic Strategies: authoritative and direct, permissive and indirect. Staudacher, H. amp;. (1996). Hypnosis for Change. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications, Inc. How to cite â€Å"A Personalised Induction Will Always Be More Effective†, Papers

Honors Residential Scholars Community †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Honors Residential Scholars Community. Answer: Introduction The report is based on installation of pod bathroom units into student accommodation buildings based on construction management methods. The construction director considers introducing of Precedence network planning and programming software to the construction project work. The installation of 60 bathroom pod units is commenced at the students accommodation buildings in the university (Lawson, Ogden and Goodier 2014). The accommodation is built in schedule for intake of the students. The bathroom pods are installed into the Block B of the ten storey building. The supplier of the construction work is Offsite Solutions which offers higher quality of student accommodation bathroom pods and experience to supply of students housing sector (Till and Schneider 2016). The design of the bathroom pods are selected from various footprints in their design library which is developed to meet with project requirements. This particular paper investigates the construction methods and measures taken into the site for safe as well as effective management of resources required for the installation purpose. This paper also critically analyzes the issues for the construction management introduced into pods to different projects. A report is also prepared for the construction director to evaluate the benefits of Precedence planning and programming software. Cost items of the pod installation are also evaluated to maintain an optimum cash flow. Investigating methods for installation of the pods units The construction work of the bathroom pods units are used of Cantldeck system. This particular method is used due to buildings concrete frame. The construction of the bathroom pods offer modular solutions which result into speeding up the construction time on the block B (Osrin and Wornell 2015). Cantldeck system is such a technology which is used for the construction work and manufacture off higher quality, factory finished bathroom pods offsite on the subassembly lines. It is installed as well as connected to the arrival of the site. The system has capacity to manufacture of bathroom pods per week into quality controlled factory environment based on project design, project budget as well as specifications (Samarasinghe et al. 2015). A steel framed bathroom pods is suitable for the students accommodation building where there is higher quality traditional tiled finish is needed. As this project is based on construction of 60 bathroom pods, therefore it is suitable for the project wit h higher repeatability. Welded steel base frame: Offsite solutions provided with steel bathroom pods which is rigid precision welded steel box base frame with 18mm of WBP plywood (Gosling et al. 2016). Steel wall frames: The wall frames of the bathroom pods are used of computer controlled steel frame machine provided with complete control over design along with manufacturing methods (Malakauskas et al. 2016). Skinned wall composition: The wall frame is made of steel are double lined. Waterproof floor: The offsite solutions of steel framed bathroom pods are waterproofed with use of higher quality tanking system. Identification of the issues into construction project work The installation process of pods units includes a complete package with fixtures as well as fittings include of toilet, basin, pipe work as well as bath pre-installed. Demand of the bathroom pods are increasing and offering of significant benefit to the customers. They get innovative solutions in order to reduce time along with cost for the construction of bathroom and its installation (Samarasinghe et al. 2017). The installation of bathroom pod units project should ensure of monitoring safety. There are issues of high percentage of time required to manage the construction site for installation of pod units, delay into project schedule and defect problems are raised. Following are some of the issues which are required to manage at the time of installation of the pod units: No review process: At the design process of the bathroom pods, the manufacturers are not reviewing the shop drawings and inspection is not done to review the entire construction process (Malakauskas et al. 2017). Therefore, an inspection strategy is required at each installation stage of development of pod units. Delay into delivery: Around the schedule, delivery of bathroom pods is not planned properly (James 2014). When there is lack of gap into planning process, then there is delay into project work. Pods are being shipped into enclosed trucks. The mode of transportation is based on size of pods. Issue of kinematic nature: There are problems of electrical as well as mechanical origin which affect the performance of Pod. There is failure into the operation of bathroom pods units. Issue in gaining plumbing compliance: The bathroom pods are manufactured off-site, therefore the manufacturer faces issue of gaining plumbing compliances. Construction work of the pod units are done under strict industry standards (Yanagisawa 2015). The manufacturer throughout a licensed plumber request the local government to complete an inspection of pods units at the construction site. Lack of secured door: There is lack of secured door for preventing unauthorized person to access to pods at the time of final installation of the pods and throughout floor installation. When the doors are not preventing from the person, then there is failure of security policies in the installation of pods units (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). It is a practice used to use door of secure them from final commissioning and final completion with handover of the pod units. Budget issues: The installation of the bathroom pods units take 8-10 percent of the budget, therefore the developer faces budget issues when they try to control weather, project contractors as well as strict deadline (Elliott 2017). Therefore, the solution is that the developer should incorporate of 10 percent of buffer into the bathroom budget. They should consider innovative and also cost effective methods like pre-fabrication. Time constraints: Due to weather event, there is sometimes delay into the schedule and entire project work goes behind the scheduled plan (Steiner 2013). The project manager should take of time effective construction methods for delivering the project on time. Evaluate benefit of using Precedence planning and programming software The bathroom pod unit is ideal for the student accommodation which consists of features such as luxury showers, baths, glass enclosures, multi-cubicle and others. The installation work includes of insulation, plumbing work and electrical work which is connected at single service point to the mains (Rahman, Ahmad and Zainordin 2013). The construction director introduces Precedence planning and programming software for network planning and scheduling of the entire project work. The proposed software is accounted for possible changes into the project schedule which impact the project finish work. This software helps the project team members to show the order of tasks, milestones as well as planning phases (Carr 2014). Milestones are set to get idea whether the plan is on track or not. From analyzing the issues into the project, it is identified that lack of project planning leads to failure into the work. Charlesworth and Ahmed (2015) stated that project management defines to plan and o versee of the tasks which are required to achieve the project goals in installation of bathroom pods units for the student accommodation buildings. The key significant benefits of the proposed software are as follows: Drag and drop of functionality: The project manager can create of schedule chart by dragging as well as dropping of the tasks to various points on schedule and then make the updates (Valentine 2015). Installation of bathroom pods on the site needs the pod to crane into the building structure of students accommodation which is integrated into the mechanical system of building. Automatic calculations: After staring of the project plan, this software can automatically calculate the duration and make changes into the scheduled duration as per project requirements. Integrate with other solutions: Visualization tools are integrating with project management software which allows greater visibility along with understanding of project variables like timeline, availability of resources, potential risks as well as budget constraints (Ozorhon 2013). Version control: It becomes easier to share schedule charts with the project team members as well as project stakeholders. Identification of critical activities: The project activities have a bad impact on the project schedule. With use of this proposed software, the project manager can determine the activities which are critical to project schedule (Johansson and Zollner Wohlfart 2017). The critical path includes of those activities which are not delayed without affecting the completion date of the project. The proposed software makes visibility of the critical path. All the critical tasks have slack time which is not affecting the completion time (Malakauskas et al. 2016). When the manager of project delays into one or more tasks, then there is no delay into entire work. The project manager is encouraged to reduce the duration of project by optimization of critical path and using of project schedule tools to control the time of the project. Due to addition of extra resources, materials, there is possibility to rise the time of the project, therefore it is minimized and controlled with use of proposed software (Schindler 2014). Resources include into the project work are labor, finances and manager. Project planning is required to finish the work on time so as to eliminate the lack of resources. With proper allocation of resources to the project work, the cost and time both are controlled and reduced. The workers involved into the project divide their time to schedule their work as per assigned tasks (Jellen 2015). The major advantage of project scheduling tool is that project construction phases, deadlines are inputted into the proposed software. The programming software manages notifications and also organizes the tasks for the project manager (Jere mic 2013). Cost is also maintained using this software. The benefit of project evaluation as well as review techniques is not only involvement of top management but also involvement of other departments that lead to share of responsibilities across the departments. Pods units are designed to allow bathroom to remain closed and locked at the time of installation of POD in order to defend interior finishes. The Precedence planning and programming software is used to schedule the following installation event for the construction process as: Pod unit drawing and project specifications are being completed for proper review as well as approval (Osrin and Wornell 2015). There is commencement of site work to install foundation and grading of initial site. A preparation is made to floor slab in order to accommodate of installation of bathroom pod units (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). A template for bathroom layout is provided to identify the location for installation. This particular template determines where floor outlets are located for each bathroom units (Malakauskas et al. 2017). Plumbing and mechanical works are constructed. All the branch lines outside of the bathroom areas are being constructed. In order to prepare the POD connection, waste pipes are hung. Clean and level path is provided for installation of POD. Adjustable casters are required to move the POD units into final location. Electrical hooks are being made at accessible and coordinated point above bathroom units as per schedule of the construction site (Rahman, Ahmad and Zainordin 2013). Pod units connection are made along with complete inspection is done. Exterior of the pod units are taped and finished like the built room. Exterior finishes are being applied with utility connections. Final grading of the site, concrete of the work and landscaping of complete work process is finished (Samarasinghe et al. 2017). Evaluate the management of the key cost items of pod installation which assist in maintaining cash flow Osrin and Wornell (2015) stated that cost is the biggest driver of prefabrication which is followed by safety as well as quality. It is a driving factor when prefabrication is considered a benefit into construction strategy. Installation of pod bathroom units is accounted for 8-10 percent of capital cost of the students accommodation buildings. A higher level of capital cost is associated with installation of the pod units which include of mechanical, architectural as well as electrical specifications of the finish, fixture along with fittings of the pod units (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). Design as well as installation result into reduction of whole out-turn rate of the project. The bathroom pods cost same as site built bathrooms on direct basis of the cost. The manufacturer of the pod does tanking on walls as well as floors. With installation of pod unit, it reduces the cost of construction by reduction of construction time, improvement of quality and elimination of defects into the bathroom (Gosling et al. 2016). The cost estimation is done based on cost items such as installation cost. It consists of freight cost, handling, cost for templating and installation. The cost items consist of planning phase, construction of the base, indicative cost of the service connected and commissioning with cost of pod unit. The installation process is provided with functions of bathroom includes of technical ones, which is essential during the construction process. The cost items for the bathroom pods units are: Structure of the bathroom pod unit Structure composed of ceiling, floor, wall, door and exterior finishes Plumbing, wiring as well as ventilation system which are built to connect with the pod unit (Rahman, Ahmad and Zainordin 2013). Interior accessories such as towel, sink, storage shelves Electrical and mechanical work (Osrin and Wornell 2015). The installation of pod units is done at cost effective price with higher quality. The pod unit is not less expensive when it is compared to conventional constructions. The main variable selected for calculation of cost is location of project. Into the average cost market, both labor as well as materials is procured less, and then the bathroom pod units are presented at premium to the construction site (Scanlon, Whitehead and Blanc 2017). In higher cost market where the labor cost is will save direct upfront cost into the market. The following benefits show that bathroom pods will save cost into the market: Speed: The bathroom pod accelerates of the construction timeline by 20 percent with an efficient on-site installation of pods (Samarasinghe et al. 2017). Superior quality: The bathroom pod is built adhere to strict manufacturing guidelines so that each of the pods is designed based on project specifications (Malakauskas et al. 2017). Simplicity: There are limited workspaces at the construction site. The bathroom pod unit is designed with use of 3D modeling for onsite compatibility. It is installed as well as connected with the mechanical system of the building. Safety: The employees at the working site will reduce the incidents and violations of the safety and health rules. Therefore, in average as well as above the average cost market, there is leveraging of fabrication will give positive impact on the bottom line of budget. Bathroom pod unit is the most cost effective storage options into installation work. The price is varied based on size off pod unit. Utilization of the pod unit saves the time of the construction by 20 percent (Smith and Quale 2017). It also reduces the insurance cost along with quicker generation of income. The pod unit installed is a cost effective and quality solution for the campus students. Recommendations Strict follow of quality standards: Building work of the pod unit should follow of strict quality guidelines so that it can meet with the clients requirements. The workers should follow all the construction rules and regulations to install the pod designed for project specifications. Proper plumbing connection: The connection point location of the plumbing is specified by builder, throughout design as well as development phase. Plumbing connection is significantly required for this installation work so as to complete it on time. Proper electrical work: All the electrical points are being wired back to single connection points. It is terminated at junction box for the purpose of connection by the electrician and supplied to reach the closer power sources. Conclusion It is concluded that the bathroom pod units is installed based on project design, project budget as well as specifications. The construction worker followed of strict deadline to complete the project on time. The installation process of the project ensures that all the project phases are managed and monitored properly. Some of the issues are identified while conducting the installation work such as high percentage of instance required managing the construction site for installation of pod units, postponement into project schedule along with problems are raised. Cost is also managed as 8-10 percent of the capital cost is being accounted for the project work. The capital cost of the installation work includes of mechanical, architectural as well as electrical specifications of finish work of pod units. Cantldeck system is being used into the construction work to provide with higher quality, factory finished bathroom pods offsite on the subassembly lines. The main issues to manage the installation of the pod units are that the manufacturer are not reviewing and inspecting the construction process. Strict industry standards are to be followed for this particular construction work. There is lack of secured door to prevent unauthorized person to access of the bathroom pods at the time of final installation it. Due to some weather events, delay is occurred and therefore the result is that the project is behind the schedule. The construction director evaluates of the benefits of using the software for proper planning and scheduling of entire project work. Planning is needed to complete the work so that they can eliminate the resource risks. The resource allocation of project work is done based on project requirements. All the tasks are assigned to the project resources so that it can completely finish. Some of the recommendations are also suggested for successfully complete the project work such as strict follow of the quality standards, f ollow of the budget as well as time. There is proper follow of the plumbing connection along with electrical work. References Carr, C., 2014.Social and Economic Conditions of Temporary Urban Living(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati). Charlesworth, E. and Ahmed, I., 2015.Sustainable housing reconstruction: Designing resilient housing after natural disasters. Routledge. Elliott, K.S., 2017. Historical and Chronological Development of Precast Concrete Structures.Modernisation, Mechanisation and Industrialisation of Concrete Structures, p.1. Gosling, J., Pero, M., Schoenwitz, M., Towill, D. and Cigolini, R., 2016. 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